William henry harrison dollar coin
United States Presidents
2012.06.05 01:53 thepurpleginge United States Presidents
A place for interesting facts about the men (and hopefully future women) who occupy the United States oval office.
2021.03.25 17:13 eeyeyey636363yey eeyeyey636363yey
You do know, flips table, random letters. It's eeyeyey636363yey and all the rest of the yey crew and take photo of snacks please. Kanye west is really good, so is A$AP rocky ofc. Also, William Henry Harrison is the best president.
2023.03.21 18:37 TheHermitologist ETHEREUM: A SECURE DECENTRALISED GENERALISED TRANSACTION LEDGER. *Yellow Paper* PDF
 | submitted by TheHermitologist to HERCOIN [link] [comments] |
2023.03.21 18:13 -n_h101- Just got 8 books for $30 at a used book sale charity event!
 | submitted by -n_h101- to bookhaul [link] [comments] |
2023.03.21 16:42 Extreme-888 Bitcoin's Correlation With U.S. Stocks Hits 20-Month Low - What's the Impact on Bitcoin?
 | submitted by Extreme-888 to btc [link] [comments] https://preview.redd.it/84s15axb34pa1.jpg?width=630&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=d920625aed25da40733e902ac77189aaca768764 Bitcoin's correlation with the stock market has just fallen to its lowest level in more than a year and a half. That's according to a chart provided by cryptocurrency analytics firm CoinMetrics, which shows that the 30-day Pearson correlation between bitcoin and the S&P 500 just fell below 0.20, the lowest level since September 2021. https://preview.redd.it/xqehg60d34pa1.jpg?width=649&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=a6029164927175fe52d7c3b759e3935dc60e5b10 This is a big reversal from mid-2022, when bitcoin and stocks moved roughly in sync and the 30-day correlation was briefly above 0.7. Given the difference between the bitcoin price (which has been spiking) and the S&P 500 (which has been depressed) over the past two weeks, this correlation could continue to decline. A drop below 0.08 would hit a three-year low. Why Bitcoin's Correlation With Stocks Is Collapsing In 2021 and 2022, Bitcoin is largely seen as a speculative technology/asset that should trade on liquid terms like tech stocks. This largely explains why cryptocurrencies see such tremendous growth in 2020 and 2021 as the US (and global) economy is filled with fiscal and monetary stimulus and then in 2022 the Fed raises rates sharply and withdraws the stimulus (mostly through aggressive interest rates) . Bitcoin's boom in 2020/21 and crash in 2022 means its price is largely fluctuating in tandem with the U.S. tech sector. But the financial crisis that erupted in early 2023 is testing that relationship. Investors may finally stop seeing bitcoin as a speculative asset (like tech stocks) and start to see it the way its creators and backers wish they had always wanted it to be seen - as a safe haven alternative to a fiat-currency-centric central bank Fractional Reserve Banking System Over the past few weeks, Bitcoin has managed to earn the title of "digital gold". Bitcoin is up over 40% from its earlier monthly low of $20,000 as investors look for alternative, "harder" currencies/mediums of exchange, and cryptocurrencies have risen in tandem with the price of gold. https://preview.redd.it/v2yik3wm34pa1.jpg?width=654&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=6e92eccf0f26b6f6b4ae6f0945a15f0b3fc7c318 Fiat currencies (such as the U.S. dollar, euro and British pound) are less hard than gold and bitcoin because their value is more easily eroded by inflation. As a result, even though the U.S. stock market has been sluggish, bitcoin is being sought after by safe-haven buyers as investors worry about how severe the banking sector's current problems will become and how much this will affect the banking sector's growth prospects. economy. This https://preview.redd.it/j0sqlyzu34pa1.jpg?width=651&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=41c6f32d9c2edceecae9cf298bd95e689fb977d7 is why BTC's declining correlation with stocks is bullish Bitcoin is not just some speculative technology that may soon disappear. It is a highly robust, clean and decentralized peer-to-peer payment system that offers a real, fair and transparent alternative to the existing financial system. Investors finally seem to be seeing it as a bullish signal for cryptocurrencies. If the banking crisis worsens and the stock market falls as a result, this could further boost Bitcoin's safe-haven gains. At the same time, even if the U.S. authorities do manage to avert a crisis, the prospect of further aggressive Fed tightening could be dealt a fatal blow. In other words, the end of the hiking cycle could be within reach. A more accommodative financial environment going forward (meaning lower U.S. yields) should bode well for gold and bitcoin. |
2023.03.21 16:27 Always_comes_back This theory is KINDA dumb, just saying
I've been seeing theory's that say Elizabeth Afton is the little girl in the fnaf ruin dlc, and will be helping us defeat afton and to that I say....... SHE WAS HELPING WILLIAM IN TRYING TO KILL MIKE! WHY WOULD SHE JUST CHANGE IN THE FLIP OF A COIN!? DID PEOPLE FORGET THE FACT THAT SHE"S BATSHIT CRAZY LIKE HER FATHER!? LIKE SHE LOVES THE BASTARD SO MUCH SHE'ED KILL MIKE AND PROB CHRIS TOO!! THE PLOT HOLES MAN!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
submitted by Always_comes_back to fivenightsatfreddys [link] [comments]
2023.03.21 16:09 callmequince Due to bugs and human mistakes, more than $1 billion worth of ether has been permanently lost
More than $1 billion of ether has been lost forever due to bugs and human error, according to research by Conor Grogan, director of product strategy and business operations at Coinbase.
Roughly half that total some 306,000 ETH is due to a 2017 bug in the Parity crypto wallet. Defunct crypto exchange Quadriga lost 60,000 ETH to a contract fault, and the Akutars NFT collection lost 11,500 ETH in a failed Mint. On top of those, Ethereum users have cumulatively sent 24,000 ETH to a burn address, where the coins can no longer be accessed.
To be honest, I didn't have a clue about this stuff.
But I think that a positive thing in most of these cases, the ether wasn't worth anywhere as near as much in dollars at the time of the loss.
I always stick with Flynt Finance because of this risky stuff, and so far, Flynt has always provided fantastic returns.
What Grogan also stated is that this $1.1B+ number significantly undershoots the actual lost/inaccessible ETH amount, It just covers instances where Ethereum is locked forever.
This is as I read because access to many wallets will have been lost but there's no way of knowing which ones by looking at blockchain data alone.
submitted by callmequince to ethtrader [link] [comments]
Roughly half that total some 306,000 ETH is due to a 2017 bug in the Parity crypto wallet. Defunct crypto exchange Quadriga lost 60,000 ETH to a contract fault, and the Akutars NFT collection lost 11,500 ETH in a failed Mint. On top of those, Ethereum users have cumulatively sent 24,000 ETH to a burn address, where the coins can no longer be accessed.
To be honest, I didn't have a clue about this stuff.
But I think that a positive thing in most of these cases, the ether wasn't worth anywhere as near as much in dollars at the time of the loss.
I always stick with Flynt Finance because of this risky stuff, and so far, Flynt has always provided fantastic returns.
What Grogan also stated is that this $1.1B+ number significantly undershoots the actual lost/inaccessible ETH amount, It just covers instances where Ethereum is locked forever.
This is as I read because access to many wallets will have been lost but there's no way of knowing which ones by looking at blockchain data alone.
2023.03.21 16:06 Marcusfredericknero EXPLORING THE DYNAMIC LANDSCAPE OF CRYPTOCURRENCY: NAVIGATING THE RISK AND OPPORTUNITIES IN MARKET VOLATILITY, SCAMS, AND DISRUPTIVE INNOVATIONS
 | submitted by Marcusfredericknero to u/Marcusfredericknero [link] [comments] Cryptocurrency, a digital asset designed to function as a medium of exchange, has become an increasingly prominent topic in the world of finance over the past few years. While there are certainly opportunities and potential for growth within this emerging market, there are also many risks and uncertainties that need to be carefully considered by individuals and investors alike. https://preview.redd.it/d0re1b25y3pa1.jpg?width=978&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=b27020d3a06529661cf3b559969d1da8d5167af0 One of the most immediate and obvious risks associated with cryptocurrency is market volatility. Since cryptocurrency is still a relatively new and untested asset, its value can fluctuate significantly from day to day, rendering investments highly speculative. Bitcoin, for example, reached an all-time high of almost $65,000 per coin in April 2021, before sharply dropping to less than $30,000 by July of the same year. This type of volatility can make investing in cryptocurrency highly unpredictable and risky. Another related risk is the potential for bubbles to form within the cryptocurrency market. When people begin to invest in certain assets purely because of hype or fear of missing out, the value of those assets can become artificially inflated, leading to a sudden and dramatic price collapse once the bubble bursts. There have been many instances of this occurring in the cryptocurrency market already, such as the Bitcoin bubble of 2017. Investors need to be mindful of the risks associated with these bubbles when considering investing in cryptocurrency. Scams and frauds are another major concern in the cryptocurrency market. Due to the lack of regulation and oversight, there have been numerous instances of fraudulent operators setting up scams and deceiving investors. For example, “phishing” scams that fraudulently collect login information for cryptocurrency wallets or fake initial coin offerings (ICOs) that disappear with investors’ funds after collecting millions of dollars have been reported. Despite these risks, there are also many opportunities for growth and innovation within the cryptocurrency market. For one, cryptocurrencies have the potential to reduce transaction costs and increase the efficiency of payments in certain sectors, such as cross-border transactions or micropayments. In addition, some cryptocurrencies are being developed specifically to address concerns such as privacy and scalability, which could provide significant benefits for users. Cryptocurrency could also have a disruptive impact on traditional financial systems. The underlying blockchain technology that powers cryptocurrencies could potentially be used for secure and transparent record-keeping across any number of industries, leading to significant innovation and change. In conclusion, the risks and opportunities in cryptocurrency remain significant in the evolving landscape of digital finance. The market has experienced high levels of volatility and speculative bubbles that have caused substantial losses to investors. Furthermore, the rise of scams and frauds in the industry has caused mistrust and uncertainty. However, despite these challenges, the disruptive potential of cryptocurrencies continues to attract global interest, pushing for innovations in secure and efficient transaction systems that are decentralized and independent of traditional financial institutions. The opportunities presented by the growth of cryptocurrency cannot be ignored, and it remains essential for individuals and organizations to remain vigilant and informed about the risks and benefits of investing in this emerging asset class. Ultimately, the future of cryptocurrency, like any other market, will depend on sustainable and ethical practices and the ability to balance the potential opportunities with the inherent risks in the industry. |
2023.03.21 16:01 FlightyTwilighty I want to hire a researcher in Australia
Family legend has it that my great-great grandfather's brother visited Australia before eventually settling in America. I would like to find some kind of evidence of this because I am super curious and I like going down rabbit holes. I have looked through available online Australian passenger records, English passenger records, and Australian newspapers, and have found nothing conclusive.
submitted by FlightyTwilighty to Genealogy [link] [comments]
- Unfortunately his name is William Henry Yates (he typically went by W.H.) which of course is super common.
- This trip would have been between 1861 and 1867.
- He most likely would have departed Liverpool.
- I have dumped most of my research on him on my profile of him on WikiTree. https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Yates-849
2023.03.21 15:42 vinberdon [WTS] Continuation of the Grab Bag Sale! Last chance to score sweet bonuses. $35/oz premium silver!
Hey all! Hope you had a very happy and safe St. Paddy's Day! Why not put that Luck o' the Irish to the test and purchase some premium silver for $35/oz? After all, the banking system is collapsing and who knows what the dollar will buy soon... For me... I just moved and I've got lots of bills to pay!
Here's how it works. There are a bunch of American Silver Eagles, Chiwoos and other KOMSCO, OG Queen's Beasts, Provident Metals, Elemetal rounds, or even straight-up pure silver crystals and other stuff. All for $35/oz. Some of this stuff is probably worth a bit less, some is definitely worth a bit more... but that's where the fun lies!
Special bonuses for theFIRST, SEVENTH, and THIRD buyers.... bonuses could include super rare fractionals from SOLM, ultra rare unmarked 2016 Morgan rounds from Silvertowne, or some Goldbacks Who knows? ONE super lucky buyer will have ONE of their ounces replaced with a really beautiful ultra cameo proof coin. Repeat customers will also ALL get a little free rare silver bonus.
Proof photo for people who don't like surprises: https://imgur.com/a/x5ib0ts
Minimum purchase of 3 ounces, please.
BMWT shipping is included. Extra $5 to upgrade to SFRB.
Zelle or ApplePay preferred. Venmo or CashApp considered. NO PAYPAL.
All purchases will be shipped out this coming Thursday to allow for a fair chance for everyone to get that ultra cameo proof.
submitted by vinberdon to Pmsforsale [link] [comments]
Here's how it works. There are a bunch of American Silver Eagles, Chiwoos and other KOMSCO, OG Queen's Beasts, Provident Metals, Elemetal rounds, or even straight-up pure silver crystals and other stuff. All for $35/oz. Some of this stuff is probably worth a bit less, some is definitely worth a bit more... but that's where the fun lies!
Special bonuses for the
Proof photo for people who don't like surprises: https://imgur.com/a/x5ib0ts
Minimum purchase of 3 ounces, please.
BMWT shipping is included. Extra $5 to upgrade to SFRB.
Zelle or ApplePay preferred. Venmo or CashApp considered. NO PAYPAL.
All purchases will be shipped out this coming Thursday to allow for a fair chance for everyone to get that ultra cameo proof.
2023.03.21 15:40 Corky081 I missed the BTC bus. Not gonna miss this one #RoboInu
I am so glad to have found this investment. #RBIF , #RGI, #RoboInu. I get nothing for saying this. I want you to know this is the ONE. This company has it's S*&t together. How many times have you actually talked to the CEO of a company you've invested in? #msvy (Her name is Vy and she is a BOSS). Really good leadership and no BS. If you are stockbound and hesitant about crypto, put a little in...hundred bucks, fifty or ten. I have a friend that was buying Pizza with Bitcoin because she thought it was neat. BTC was way less than a penny back then. So buying a thousand shares was nothing. I first heard about it when it was about a dime I talked myself out of putting in 20 bucks just to see. My friend had close to a thousand shares. Today it is worth 28,050.28 dollars PER SHARE. (She would have had 28,050,200.00 today - that's generational wealth) #RBIF is poised to make those kinds of gains in the near future. People are doing great on the stock market if they're getting 5% profit. Imagine 1000%. The best part is you don't have to buy a whole share of any crypto. You can buy 3 dollars or 300 dollars worth of any coin or token out there. Do the math. I don't think anything on NYSE, S&P has or can come close. When a company is in this phase, it is a great time to buy because the price has not risen to the point where you won't make big gains in relatively little time. This is not financial advice, and if you already have everything you want - you can totally ignore me and have a good laugh. I care not. But for my friends, I just didn't want you to miss out. Remember to always do your research and never invest more than you can afford to lose. This is NOT a commercial, not trying to sell you anything for my benefit. I get nothing for talking about #RBIF accept for the satisfaction that I told you. The Stars are lining up for this one. Remember...I told you so!!! Or you can always convince me of something better.
submitted by Corky081 to CryptoMoonShotsDaily [link] [comments]
2023.03.21 15:33 mamira78 How Banks and Countries Play Tag with Money 🤑
 | 🧚♀️🧚♀️🧚♀️ Once upon a time, there were many countries all over the world, each with their own special treasures. Some countries had shiny gold coins, while others had colorful paper bills. Each country loved their treasures very much, and they didn't want to give them away. submitted by mamira78 to orius [link] [comments] One day, a big game of tag was started between all the countries. They all wanted to play together and have fun, but they realized that some countries had more treasures than others. This made it hard for everyone to play fairly. The countries tried to figure out a way to make the game more fun and fair for everyone. That's when they came up with a clever idea - they would trade their treasures with each other! 😅 🇺🇸🇺🇸🇺🇸 The US, for example, had a lot of cool treasures (like money 💴 ) that other countries sometimes needed, but they didn't want to just give them away. So, the US came up with a plan - they lent their treasures to a big bank in another country, like the European Central Bank (ECB). That way, European countries could borrow the US's treasures if they needed them. It was like a big treasure trading game on a massive scale, where everyone could participate! The game was so much fun that other countries wanted to join in too. Soon, countries all over the world were trading their treasures with each other, and everyone was having a great time! All was game and fun until we discovered:
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2023.03.21 15:21 XchangeOn Crypto Market Performance in February 2023
 | submitted by XchangeOn to u/XchangeOn [link] [comments] Crypto investors experienced positive results in February, as leading cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum posted gains. However, there are concerns that rising interest rates could create obstacles for crypto prices. Aside from this, the collapse of the crypto exchange FTX has also triggered regulatory and legal issues that could potentially impact the market. Consequently, analysts advise a careful approach and close attention to economic data in the upcoming months. Moving forward, Bitcoin and Ethereum, two of the leading cryptocurrencies, performed well. Bitcoin saw a 1.3% increase, while Ethereum's price rose by 3.7%. At one point in late February, Bitcoin briefly surpassed $25,000 before ending the month at $23,327. Ethereum, on the other hand, closed the month at $1,630. Meanwhile, Polygon had the best performance, obtaining a 6.6% surge in February. Dogecoin had the worst, losing 7.4% during the same period. Despite the challenges brought about by the previous year's rising interest rates, crypto prices have been strong in 2023. Bitcoin and Ethereum have had a year-to-date increase of 40.8% and 36.2%, respectively, indicating a resilient market. Additionally, there have been regulatory concerns in the crypto market. For instance, Binance's stablecoin lost its peg to the U.S. dollar, and the US Securities and Exchange Commission intends to sue Paxos for violating investor protection laws. Also, Binance has been struggling since the collapse of FTX, experiencing customer outflows and regulatory probes. In February, Coinbase introduced Base, an Ethereum Layer 2 network, while the International Monetary Fund issued a paper suggesting policy recommendations on how countries should handle cryptocurrencies. In March, the crypto market will be focusing on the much-anticipated Shanghai upgrade. This upgrade will enable Ethereum investors to remove their staked ETH coins for the first time, and investors are eagerly waiting for it. It will simplify the process of staking and unstaking ETH. However, the upgrade may lead to some volatility in Ethereum prices, which investors should be aware of. As the crypto market undergoes further changes, regulatory issues and economic data will have an impact on prices. It is recommended that crypto investors remain vigilant, keep themselves informed, and adopt a cautious approach as they navigate the market. Despite the possible obstacles, several crypto investors are optimistic about the long-term prospects of the market. The involvement of significant companies such as Tesla and Square in Bitcoin and the growing number of businesses accepting cryptocurrencies as payment indicates a bright future for digital assets. Shortly, we may witness the emergence of more use cases for cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology. Although there may be some bumps along the way, the long-term outlook for digital assets remains positive. To learn more about the history of cryptocurrency, please click here. Follow us on all socials for more updates. #cryptoexchange #xchangeOn #fintech #crypto #swaptrading #trading #crypto #bitcoin |
2023.03.21 14:49 CoolandAverageGuy e
Sir Anthony Absolute (The Rivals) Nick Adams (In Our Time and others) Parson Adams (Joseph Andrews) Frankie Addams (The Member of the Wedding) Anthony Adverse (Anthony Adverse) Captain Ahab (Moby Dick) Albertine (Remembrance of Things Past; or, In Search of Lost Time) Alceste (La Misanthrope) Algernon (The Importance of Being Earnest) Ali Baba (“Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves” from The Thousand and One Nights) Squire Allworthy (Tom Jones) Count Almaviva (The Barber of Seville; The Marriage of Figaro) The Alvings (Ghosts) Amaryllis (“I Care Not for These Ladies”; “Lycidas”) Ananse (African folklore) Pamela Andrews (Pamela) Angelica (Orlando innamorato; Orlando furioso) Harry Angstrom (Rabbit, Run and others) Mr. and Mrs. Antrobus (The Skin of Our Teeth) Aramis (The Three Musketeers) Isabel Archer (The Portrait of a Lady) Enoch Arden (Enoch Arden) The Artful Dodger (Oliver Twist) Gustave von Aschenbach (Death in Venice) Lady Brett Ashley (The Sun Also Rises) Athos (The Three Musketeers) Ayesha (She) Dr. Aziz (A Passage to India) B Baba-Yaga (Russian folklore) Babar (The Story of Babar, the Little Elephant and others) Bilbo Baggins (The Hobbitt; The Lord of the Rings) Frodo Baggins (The Lord of the Rings) Harry Bailly (The Canterbury Tales) David Balfour (Kidnapped) Mr. Barkis (David Copperfield) Jake Barnes (The Sun Also Rises) Lily Bart (The House of Mirth) Yevgeny Bazarov (Fathers and Sons) Adam Bede (Adam Bede) Belial (Paradise Lost) Bennet family (Pride and Prejudice) Bertram family (Mansfield Park) Pierre Bezukhov (War and Peace) Big Brother (Nineteen Eighty-four) Big Daddy (Cat on a Hot Tin Roof) Rupert Birkin (Women in Love) Anthony Blanche (Brideshead Revisited) Leopold Bloom (Ulysses) Molly Bloom (Ulysses) Bluebeard (Tales of Mother Goose) Bobbsey Twins (The Bobbsey Twins series) William Boldwood (Far from the Madding Crowd) Bolkonsky family (War and Peace) James Bond (Casino Royale and others) Boojum (The Hunting of the Snark) The Borrowers (The Borrowers series) Josiah Bounderby (Hard Times) Emma Bovary (Madame Bovary) Sally Bowles (Sally Bowles; Goodbye to Berlin) Lady Augusta Bracknell (The Importance of Being Earnest) Bradamante (Orlando furioso) Matthew Bramble (The Expedition of Humphry Clinker) Colonel Brandon (Sense and Sensibility) Dave Brandstetter (Fadeout and others) Gudrun Brangwen (Women in Love) Ursula Brangwen (Women in Love) Brer Rabbit (African folklore) Brighella (stock character, commedia dell’arte) Hans Brinker (Hans Brinker) Lily Briscoe (To the Lighthouse) Dorothea Brooke (Middlemarch) Father Brown (The Innocence of Father Brown and others) Bruin (Roman de Renart) Tom and Daisy Buchanan (The Great Gatsby) Inspector Bucket (Bleak House) Buendía family (One Hundred Years of Solitude) Mr. Bumble (Oliver Twist) Natty Bumppo (The Leatherstocking Tales) Bunter (Lord Peter Wimsey series) Billy Bunter (“The Making of Harry Wharton” and others) Rhett Butler (Gone with the Wind) C Camille (La Dame aux camélias) Don Camillo (The Little World of Don Camillo and others) Albert Campion (The Crime at Black Dudley and others) Capitano (stock character, commedia dell’arte) Philip Carey (Of Human Bondage) Nick Carraway (The Great Gatsby) Richard Carstone (Bleak House) Nick Carter (“The Old Detective’s Pupil” and others) Sydney Carton (A Tale of Two Cities) Edward Casaubon (Middlemarch) Hans Castorp (The Magic Mountain) Cathbad (Irish legend) Holden Caulfield (The Catcher in the Rye) Olive Chancellor (The Bostonians) Cheshire Cat (Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland) Roger Chillingworth (The Scarlet Letter) Chingachgook (The Leatherstocking Tales) Mr. Chips (Goodbye, Mr. Chips) Anna Christie (Anna Christie) Martin Chuzzlewit (Martin Chuzzlewit) John Claggart (Billy Budd, Foretopman) Angel Clare (Tess of the d’Urbervilles) Claudine (Claudine at School and others) Arthur Clennam (Little Dorrit) Humphry Clinker (The Expedition of Humphry Clinker) Columbine (stock character, commedia dell’arte) Conan the Barbarian (Conan the Conqueror and others) Conlaí (Ulster cycle) David Copperfield (David Copperfield) Richard Cory (“Richard Cory”) Corydon (stock character) Mother Courage (Mother Courage and Her Children) Ichabod Crane (“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”) Cratchit family (A Christmas Carol) Janie Crawford (Their Eyes Were Watching God) Gerald Crich (Women in Love) Guy Crouchback (Sword of Honour) Robinson Crusoe (Robinson Crusoe) Cú Chulainn (Ulster cycle) Sergeant Cuff (The Moonstone) Cunégonde (Candide) D D’Artagnan (The Three Musketeers) Edmond Dantès (The Count of Monte Cristo) Fitzwilliam Darcy (Pride and Prejudice) Charles Darnay (A Tale of Two Cities) Dashwood family (Sense and Sensibility) Stephen Dedalus (A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man; Ulysses) Lady Honoria Dedlock (Bleak House) Madame Defarge (A Tale of Two Cities) Deirdre (Ulster cycle) Jean Des Esseintes (Against the Grain) Mr. Dick (David Copperfield) Digenis Akritas (Akritic ballads) Arthur Dimmesdale (The Scarlet Letter) Dick and Nicole Diver (Tender Is the Night) Don Quixote (Don Quixote) Eliza Doolittle (Pygmalion) Lorna Doone (Lorna Doone) Dorothy (The Wonderful Wizard of Oz) Dottore (stock character, commedia dell’arte) Nancy Drew (The Secret of the Old Clock and others) Edwin Drood (The Mystery of Edwin Drood) Bulldog Drummond (Bull-dog Drummond: The Adventures of a Demobilized Officer Who Found Peace Dull and others) Blanche DuBois (A Streetcar Named Desire) The Duchess (Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland) The Duke and the Dauphin (The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn) Dulcinea (Don Quixote) C. Auguste Dupin (“The Murders in the Rue Morgue” and others) E Humphrey Chimpden Earwicker (Finnegans Wake) Eeyore (Winnie-the-Pooh) Elliot family (Persuasion) Lord Emsworth (Something Fresh and others) Enmerkar (Lugalbanda and Enmerkar and others) Henry Esmond (The History of Henry Esmond, Esq.) Till Eulenspiegel (German folklore) Bathsheba Everdene (Far from the Madding Crowd) F Fagin (Oliver Twist) Lord Fauntleroy (Little Lord Fauntleroy) Jude Fawley (Jude the Obscure) Richard Feverel (The Ordeal of Richard Feverel) Fezziwig (A Christmas Carol) Flora Finching (Little Dorrit) Finn (Fenian cycle) Huckleberry Finn (The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn) Jeremiah Flintwinch (Little Dorrit) Phileas Fogg (Around the World in Eighty Days) Forsyte family (The Forsyte Saga) Count Fosco (The Woman in White) Frankenstein (Frankenstein) Ethan Frome (Ethan Frome) Fu Manchu (The Mystery of Dr. Fu-Manchu and others) G Hedda Gabler (Hedda Gabler) Sairey Gamp (Martin Chuzzlewit) Gandalf (The Hobbit; The Lord of the Rings) Eugene Gant (Look Homeward, Angel; Of Time and the River) Joe Gargery (Great Expectations) Jay Gatsby (The Great Gatsby) Gellert (Welsh folklore) Beau Geste (Beau Geste) Gilgamesh (Epic of Gilgamesh) Glass family (Nine Stories, Franny and Zooey, and others) Boris Godunov (Boris Godunov) Golias (stock character, medieval French literature) Gollum (The Hobbit; The Lord of the Rings) Père Goriot (Le Père Goriot) Gradgrind (Hard Times) Eugénie Grandet (Eugénie Grandet) Emmeline Grangerford (The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn) Dorian Gray (The Picture of Dorian Gray) Grendel (Beowulf) Clyde Griffiths (An American Tragedy) Grisette (Mimi Pinson and others) Titus Groan (Titus Groan trilogy) Mrs. Grundy (Speed the Plough) Guermantes family (Remembrance of Things Past; or, In Search of Lost Time) Martin Guerre (Remembrance of Things Past; or, In Search of Lost Time) Guildenstern (Hamlet) H Prince Hal (Henry IV, Part I; Henry V) Mike Hammer (I, the Jury and others) Hardy Boys (The Hardy Boys series) Jonathan Harker (Dracula) Harlequin (stock character, commedia dell’arte) Clarissa Harlowe (Clarissa) Miss Havisham (Great Expectations) Jim Hawkins (Treasure Island) Asa and Sabbath Lily Hawks (Wise Blood) Headless horseman (“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”) Heathcliff (Wuthering Heights) Uriah Heep (David Copperfield) Matt Helm (Death of a Citizen and others) Nora Helmer (A Doll’s House) Michael Henchard (The Mayor of Casterbridge) Herne the Hunter (English folklore) Henry Higgins (Pygmalion) Fanny Hill (Fanny Hill) Roy Hobbs (The Natural) Sherlock Holmes (A Study in Scarlet and numerous other detective stories) Horatio Hornblower (The Happy Return and others) Roderick Hudson (Roderick Hudson) Humbert Humbert (Lolita) Humpty Dumpty (English nursery rhyme) Mr. Hyde (The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde) I Iago (Othello) Ilya of Murom (Russian folklore) Infant Phenomenon (Nicholas Nickleby) Isolde (Celtic folklore) J Jabberwock (“Jabberwocky”) Mr. Jaggers (Great Expectations) Jarndyce family (Bleak House) Dr. Jekyll (The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde) Mrs. Jellyby (Bleak House) Jim (The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn) Gulley Jimson (The Horse’s Mouth) Joad family (The Grapes of Wrath) Joseph K. (The Trial) Juliet (Romeo and Juliet) K Karamazov brothers (The Brothers Karamazov) Anna Karenina (Anna Karenina) Katharina (The Taming of the Shrew) Carol Kennicott (Main Street) Diedrich Knickerbocker (A History of New York) George Knightley (Emma) Stanley Kowalski (A Streetcar Named Desire) Tonio Kröger (Tonio Kröger) Mr. Kurtz (Heart of Darkness) L Will Ladislaw (Middlemarch) Lydia Languish (The Rivals) Silas Lapham (The Rise of Silas Lapham) Wolf Larsen (The Sea Wolf) Lazarillo de Tormes (The Life of Lazarillo of Tormes) Lear (King Lear) Simon Legree (Uncle Tom’s Cabin) Lemminkäinen (Finnish folklore) Inspector Lestrade (Sherlock Holmes series) Konstantine Levin (Anna Karenina) Linton family (Wuthering Heights) Little Em’ly (David Copperfield) Little Eva (Uncle Tom’s Cabin) Little Nell (The Old Curiosity Shop) Lochinvar (“Marmion”) Lohengrin (Parzival) Willy Loman (Death of a Salesman) Studs Lonigan (Studs Lonigan trilogy) Lothario (The Fair Penitent) Robert Lovelace (Clarissa) Sut Lovingood ( Sut Lovingood: Yarns Spun by a “Natural Born Durn’d Fool”) Lugalbanda (Lugalbanda and Enmerkar) Lulu (Earth Spirit; Pandora’s Box) Arsène Lupin (Arsène Lupin detective stories) Tertius Lydgate (Middlemarch) Barry Lyndon (Barry Lyndon) M Macbeth (Macbeth) Lady Macbeth (Macbeth) Macheath (The Beggar’s Opera; The Threepenny Opera) Mad Hatter (Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland) Madog ab Owain Gwynedd (Welsh folklore) Maeldúin (Irish folklore) Abel Magwitch (Great Expectations) Jules Maigret (The Case of Peter the Lett and others) Major Major (Catch-22) Malcolm (Macbeth) Alexander and Lucie Manette (A Tale of Two Cities) Marcel (Remembrance of Things Past; or, In Search of Lost Time) March Hare (Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland) March family (Little Women) Augie March (The Adventures of Augie March) Marchmain family (Brideshead Revisited) Jacob Marley (A Christmas Carol) Philip Marlowe (The Big Sleep and others) Miss Marple (Murder at the Vicarage and others) Bertha Mason (Jane Eyre) Perry Mason (The Case of the Velvet Claws and others) Travis McGee (The Deep Blue Good-By and others) Wilhelm Meister (Wilhelm Meister’s Apprenticeship) Oliver Mellors (Lady Chatterly’s Lover) Mr. Merdle (Little Dorrit) Wilkins Micawber (David Copperfield) Daisy Miller (Daisy Miller) Miranda (The Tempest) Walter Mitty (“The Secret Life of Walter Mitty”) Mock Turtle (Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland) Sara Monday (Herself Surprised) Moomintroll (The Moomins and the Great Flood and others) Hank Morgan (A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court) Professor Moriarty (Sherlock Holmes series) Catherine Morland (Northanger Abbey) Hazel Motes (Wise Blood) Mr. Moto (No Hero and others) Mowgli (The Jungle Book) Mugridge (The Sea Wolf) Baron Munchausen (The Adventures of Baron Munchausen) Edward Murdstone (David Copperfield) N Captain Nemo (Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea; The Mysterious Island) Nicholas Nickleby (Nicholas Nickleby) O Scarlett O’Hara (Gone with the Wind) Gabriel Oak (Far from the Madding Crowd) Oberon (A Midsummer Night’s Dream) Odette (Remembrance of Things Past; or, In Search of Lost Time) Duke of Omnium (Palliser novels by Anthony Trollope) Eugene Onegin (Eugene Onegin) Ophelia (Hamlet) Orlando (As You Like It) Orlando (Orlando innamorato; Orlando furioso) Gilbert Osmond (The Portrait of a Lady) Othello (Othello) P Palliser family (Palliser novels by Anthony Trollope) Pancks (Little Dorrit) Pangloss (Candide) Pantaloon (stock character, commedia dell’arte) Panurge (Gargantua and Pantagruel and others) Peachum family (The Beggar’s Opera; The Threepenny Opera) Pearl (The Scarlet Letter) Seth Pecksniff (Martin Chuzzlewit) Pedrolino (stock character, commedia dell’arte) Peer Gynt (Peer Gynt) Clara Peggotty (David Copperfield) Peter Pan (Peter Pan) Petruchio (The Taming of the Shrew) Samuel Pickwick (The Pickwick Papers) Piglet (Winnie-the-Pooh) Billy Pilgrim (Slaughterhouse-Five) Pinocchio (“The Adventures of Pinocchio: The Story of a Puppet”) Pip (Great Expectations) Sir Fretful Plagiary (The Critic) Anna Livia Plurabelle (Finnegans Wake) Hercule Poirot (The Mysterious Affair at Styles and others) Ross Poldark (Ross Poldark and others) Aunt Polly (The Adventures of Tom Sawyer) Pollyanna (Pollyanna) Polonius (Hamlet) Pontifex family (The Way of All Flesh) Mary Poppins (Mary Poppins and others) Porthos (The Three Musketeers) Portia (The Merchant of Venice) Harry Potter (Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone and others) Fanny Price (Mansfield Park) Miss Prism (The Importance of Being Earnest) Prospero (The Tempest) J. Alfred Prufrock (“The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”) Hester Prynne (The Scarlet Letter) Puck (A Midsummer Night’s Dream) Puss in Boots (Puss in Boots) Q Quasimodo (The Hunchback of Notre Dame) Allan Quatermain (King Solomon’s Mines) Captain Queeg (The Caine Mutiny) Queen of Hearts (Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland) Queequeg (Moby Dick) Adela Quested (A Passage to India) Daniel Quilp (The Old Curiosity Shop) R A.J. Raffles (Raffles stories by E.W. Hornung) Ramsay family (To the Lighthouse) Basil Ransom (The Bostonians) Rodion Raskolnikov (Crime and Punishment) Red Cross Knight (The Faerie Queene) Regan (King Lear) Reynard the Fox (character from medieval literature) Richard III (Henry VI, Part 2; Henry VI, Part 3; Richard III) Tom Ripley (The Talented Mr. Ripley and others) Howard Roark (The Fountainhead) Robin Hood (series of English ballads) Christopher Robin (Winnie-the-Pooh) Mr. Rochester (Jane Eyre) Rocinante (Don Quixote) Romeo (Romeo and Juliet) Rosalind (As You Like It) Rosencrantz (Hamlet) Rostov family (War and Peace) Roxane (Cyrano de Bergerac) Barnaby Rudge (Barnaby Rudge) Ruggiero (Orlando furioso) Marmaduke Ruggles (Ruggles of Red Gap) Horace Rumpole (Rumpole of the Bailey and others) Charles Ryder (Brideshead Revisited) S The Saint (Meet the Tiger and others) Gregor Samsa (The Metamorphosis) Sancho Panza (Don Quixote) Tom Sawyer (The Adventures of Tom Sawyer) Scapin (stock character, commedia dell’arte) Scaramouche (stock character, commedia dell’arte) Ebenezer Scrooge (A Christmas Carol) Amelia Sedley (Vanity Fair) The Shadow (The Living Shadow and others) Shakuntala (The Recognition of Shakuntala) Becky Sharp (Vanity Fair) Ántonia Shimerda (My Ántonia) Anne Shirley (Anne of Green Gables) Shrek (Shrek! by William Steig) Shylock (The Merchant of Venice) Bill Sikes (Oliver Twist) Long John Silver (Treasure Island) Tyrone Slothrop (Gravity’s Rainbow) Smike (Nicholas Nickleby) George Smiley (Call for the Dead and others) Winston Smith (Nineteen Eighty-four) Snark (“The Hunting of the Snark”) Snopes family (The Hamlet and others) Snowball (Animal Farm) Lucy Snowe (Villette) Halvard Solness (The Master Builder) Hetty Sorrel (Adam Bede) Sam Spade (The Maltese Falcon) Dora Spenlow (David Copperfield) Wackford Squeers (Nicholas Nickleby) Stage Manager (Our Town) Monroe Stahr (The Last Tycoon) Starbuck (Moby Dick) Willie Stark (All the King’s Men) James Steerforth (David Copperfield) Lambert Strether (The Ambassadors) Esther Summerson (Bleak House) Charles and Joseph Surface (The School for Scandal) Sutpen family (Absalom, Absalom!) Svengali (Trilby) Charles Swann (Remembrance of Things Past; or, In Search of Lost Time) T Verena Tarrant (The Bostonians) Tarzan (Tarzan of the Apes) Tattycoram (Little Dorrit) Suky Tawdry (The Threepenny Opera) Lady Teazle (The School for Scandal) William Tell (Swiss folklore) Becky Thatcher (The Adventures of Tom Sawyer) Thomas Bigger (Native Son) Thomas the Tank Engine (The Three Railway Engines and others) Sadie Thompson (“Rain”) Christopher Tietjens (Parade’s End) Tinker Bell (Peter Pan) Titania (A Midsummer Night’s Dream) Tituba (The Crucible) Topsy (Uncle Tom’s Cabin) Tristan (Celtic folklore) Betsey Trotwood (David Copperfield) Sergeant Francis Troy (Far from the Madding Crowd) Tweedledum and Tweedledee (Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland) Oliver Twist (Oliver Twist) Uncle Tom (Uncle Tom’s Cabin) U Urizen (America, a Prophecy and others) V Jean Valjean (Les Misérables) Valmont (Dangerous Liaisons) Philo Vance (The Benson Murder Case and others) Dolly Varden (Barnaby Rudge) Varner family (The Hamlet) Diggory Venn (The Return of the Native) Captain Vere (Billy Budd, Foretopman) Rosamond Vincy (Middlemarch) Viola (Twelfth Night) Count Aleksey Vronsky (Anna Karenina) Eustacia Vye (The Return of the Native) W Dr. Watson (Sherlock Holmes series) Weird Sisters (Macbeth) Sam Weller (The Pickwick Papers) Frederick Wentworth (Persuasion) Werther (The Sorrows of Young Werther) Sophia Western (Tom Jones) Simon Wheeler (“The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County”; “Jim Wolfe and the Tom-cats”) White Rabbit (Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland) Agnes Wickfield (David Copperfield) Tom Wilcher (To Be a Pilgrim) Damon Wildeve (The Return of the Native) Pudd’nhead Wilson (Pudd’nhead Wilson) Lord Peter Wimsey (Whose Body? and others) Wingfield family (The Glass Menagerie) Wise Men of Gotham (English legend) Wolfdietrich (Ortnit; Wolfdietrich) Nero Wolfe (Fer-de-Lance and others) Emma Woodhouse (Emma) Bertie Wooster (“Extricating Young Gussie” and others) Y Clym Yeobright (The Return of the Native) Captain John Yossarian (Catch-22) Z Zorro (“The Curse of Capistrano” and other stories by Johnston McCulley)
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2023.03.21 14:30 senecadocet1123 888 Holdings Debacle
888 Holdings debacle
888 Holdings (888.L on LSE) is now a £264m company. Just in September 2021 it was a £2.2b company and one of the biggest gambling companies in the Uk. 87% down from ath.
To finance this massive operation, 888 took a lot of debt. Quoting from the agreement, the Acquisition has an enterprise value of £2.2b, which includes WH debt. In order to fund the Acquisition, 888 has obtained fully committed debt financing of approximately £2.1 billion, which includes approximately £1.6 billion (equivalent) of term loans and approximately £500m (equivalent) of bridge loans/senior secured notes. 888 has also obtained a fully committed revolving credit facility of £150m. They also raised £500 by issuing shares (which destroyed their EPS in 2022). They bought WH at 7.5x normalised EBITDA.
The plan was to get double digit growth from this acquisition, and stay at around 3x net debt / EBITDA. Oh boy, were they wrong.
Costs were currently expected to be approximately £65 million in H2 2022, and £130-140 million in the full year 2023. Surprisingly, in January they managed to renegotiate some debt and hedging arrangements: "The Group ended the year with £1.8 billion equivalent debt, with 43% of effective debt in Sterling, 49% in Euros and 8% in USD, with approximately 70% of interest costs fixed for at least three years. As at 31 December 2022, cash (net of customer balances) was £170 million, with undrawn committed facilities of £150 million, giving total liquidity of £320 million". The company is now at around 6x net debt / EBITDA. Ouch.
The company expects to announce £305-315 FY22 Adjusted EBITDA. Earnings are expected at the end of this month. Their plan is to reduce next debt / EBITDA to 3.5 by 2025. By 2025 they expect revenue of above £2 billion and north of 23% EBITDA margins, with EPS north of 35p.
Now, here is how I am playing this.
Looking forward to hearing your thoughts!
submitted by senecadocet1123 to FluentInFinance [link] [comments]
888 Holdings (888.L on LSE) is now a £264m company. Just in September 2021 it was a £2.2b company and one of the biggest gambling companies in the Uk. 87% down from ath.
The background
In April 2021 Caesar bought the betting giant William Hill for 4.03 billion dollars. Caesar was not interested in the non-US assets of WH, so they sold it to 888 in September. To be clear, this is massive: WH here in Europe is a giant, especially in the Uk where it is one of the leading bookmaker (over 1400 retail betting shops across the UK and around 2 million active UK customers online).To finance this massive operation, 888 took a lot of debt. Quoting from the agreement, the Acquisition has an enterprise value of £2.2b, which includes WH debt. In order to fund the Acquisition, 888 has obtained fully committed debt financing of approximately £2.1 billion, which includes approximately £1.6 billion (equivalent) of term loans and approximately £500m (equivalent) of bridge loans/senior secured notes. 888 has also obtained a fully committed revolving credit facility of £150m. They also raised £500 by issuing shares (which destroyed their EPS in 2022). They bought WH at 7.5x normalised EBITDA.
The plan was to get double digit growth from this acquisition, and stay at around 3x net debt / EBITDA. Oh boy, were they wrong.
Things get nasty
Now, this is where things start to get very very nasty. First, the Uk tightened regulations for gambling, greatly impacting 888's Uk revenue (-25% from 2021 to 2022) and fining them £9.4m for failing to protect vulnerable players. They also had to temporarily shut down their operations in the Neatherlands (6% of revenue). This is not the worst, though: interest rates start hiking aggressively. These geniouses as 888 thought it was a good idea to have 64% of debt on a floating rate. While the company was shrinking revenue and margins and with a lot of debt on its shoulders, in January a number of the Gibraltar-based gambling operator’s VIP accounts in the Middle East were suspended because the group did not comply with KYC (Know Your Client) and AML (Anti-Money Laundering) processes. This is not serious, it happens often, and it affects only £50m of revenue. Yet, this was probably the straw, because the CEO Itai Pazner was fired. Also, the CFO Yariv Dafna first said it would leave (now it looks like it will stay at least until the end of the year).What now?
In August 2022, the company had £1.8 billion in gross debt, with maturities ranging from 5-6 years. Cash interestCosts were currently expected to be approximately £65 million in H2 2022, and £130-140 million in the full year 2023. Surprisingly, in January they managed to renegotiate some debt and hedging arrangements: "The Group ended the year with £1.8 billion equivalent debt, with 43% of effective debt in Sterling, 49% in Euros and 8% in USD, with approximately 70% of interest costs fixed for at least three years. As at 31 December 2022, cash (net of customer balances) was £170 million, with undrawn committed facilities of £150 million, giving total liquidity of £320 million". The company is now at around 6x net debt / EBITDA. Ouch.
The company expects to announce £305-315 FY22 Adjusted EBITDA. Earnings are expected at the end of this month. Their plan is to reduce next debt / EBITDA to 3.5 by 2025. By 2025 they expect revenue of above £2 billion and north of 23% EBITDA margins, with EPS north of 35p.
Now, here is how I am playing this.
- Situation 1: interest rates keep hiking, we experience a substantial recession. Interests for 2023/4 go from 150m to north of 230m. 888 probably goes out of business by 2025. Probability 20%. Share price: 0 or similar.
- Situation 2: Interest rates stay as they are. 888 pays around 150m in interest in 2023 and aggressively works on deleverage. They do not meet expectations. Margins are compressed due to competition and lack of capital expenditure to grow the business. Revenue is flat at 1.8b and margins compress to 15%. Ebidta is 270. Eps probably around 18p. Probability 40%.
- Situation 3: Interest rates go lower or stay as they are. 888 delivers what it says: north of 2b in revenue and margins at 23%. Ebidta of at least 460m. At least 35p EPS. Probability 40%.
Looking forward to hearing your thoughts!
2023.03.21 14:11 kirtash93 [LONG READ] TIL: Origin of Cryptocurrencies and Bitcoin. Crypto the Next Financial Era.
![[LONG READ] TIL: Origin of Cryptocurrencies and Bitcoin. Crypto the Next Financial Era.](https://b.thumbs.redditmedia.com/O64F9l6WibU0yKQyWJrdylsaaIbSiInJSx0stL-w-zo.jpg "[LONG READ] TIL: Origin of Cryptocurrencies and Bitcoin. Crypto the Next Financial Era.") | First of all, sorry for this really long post. I decided to do this post to put some perspective that financial system has always been evolving and that we are probably witnessing this evolution right now. submitted by kirtash93 to CryptoCurrency [link] [comments] It really took me a lot of effort to gather all this information and then gathering together to create a consistent post. I hope you enjoy it. Thanks in advance. What is Bitcoin?Understanding what Bitcoin is use to be a hard for a lot of people because of its technical nature.. However, talking about Bitcoin is discussing about the future because as we have seen until now, this is just the tip of the iceberg of the new financial era.Definition of "Money""Money" is a symbolic concep that has not an intrinsic value in itself. It's value comes from what value people gives to a grain of rice, a piece of metal or paper. Money value is based in its use of case as trading way, posesion unity and store of value. It is important to say that "money" and "currency" are not identical terms because money is intangible while currency is tangible. Sadly during the time this two concepts have been merged to represent value.Brief Chronology of MoneyDuring the Neolithic, barter was used as the first form of exchange where the direct negotiation of goods or services were the concept of value and the emergence of "money".Barter In 3000-2500 BC, standards of value were created like weight and quantity to make trading easier. This was used to exchange salt, rice, etc. In 1000 BC, the first coins were created in China replacing large metallic objects called "seashells" which were used to exchange. Chinese Coin In 700-600 BC, the first coins were created in Lydia (current Turkey) and later in Persia and Greece spreading them through Europe and Asia. Lydya Coin In the 9th century AD, paper money was created in China calling it "bill" and like coins it represented an amount of money. In the 16th century AD, paper money was created and expanded in Europe. In this moment terms like "certificate," "bills," and "promissory note" became common when depositing amounts in banks. European paper money Between the years 1250-1400, the commercialized bank debt crystallized, a set of loans or obligated payment commitments between two entities, such as people, companies, institutions or countries. Between 1800-1900, gold standard appeared as a standard of support for any citizen who could convert paper money to an amount of gold. The main European central banks were established and the Fed was created in the United States. Gold After World War II, in the 1940s, gold standard started to go down and fiat money surged backed by the state statement and credit trust. Because of fiat devaluations and inflation perception about the value of money has changed being only the dollar the only want that maintained the gold standard and became the dominant currency in the internationally. In 1971, gold standard on the dollar crashed and since that moment US joined "fiat" team and still being the reference internationally. Backing with gold ended and was replaced by faith and credit on the US gov. In God We Trust In this moment, money is based on trust and its value is based on purchase power. Money rises if there is interaction between goods and services, the need of them, etc. Basically, it has value because we want it. In this moment is when the party starts giving the government the ability to print unlimited paper money without being backed by gold which is an immense risk for financial system as we have been seeing all this time. Brrrrrr does not fix a true economy. In the 1950s and 1960s, ERMA (Electronic Recording Machine, Accounting), first computerized machine for banking purposes, and the MICR (Magnetic-Ink Character Recognition) system were developed. In the 1970s, Mainframes were implemented as operational support for data processing and transactions at a local, regional and international level. Mainframe In the 1980s, a teletext device that allowed interactive consultation of various services called Minitel. In 1982, David Chaum presented the main seed for the creation of a digital currency called "Blind Signatures for Untraceable Payments", the first public member of CypherPunk, a digital activism focused on protecting the privacy and security of users using technology. Minitel In the 1990s, Chaum founded DigiCash, the first electronic currency that allowed anonymous payments untraceable by issuing banks, the government or third parties, but the project did not attract much interest from companies and investors. Instead, E-Gold was hailed as the first digital currency system, allowing payments without a credit card and enabling a wide range of online services, but due to the vulnerability and insecurity of the system, cybercrime led it to its final closure in 2007. e-gold With the rise of Internet and eCommerce in the 90s, Paypal appeared allowing fast transfers of digital money by email and also WebMoney, the biggest payment processors in Russia. Paypal and WebMoney Between 1997 and 2007, there were some developments that can be considered the prelude of Bitcoin. In 1997, Adam Black developed HashCash, a cryptographic protocol to stop mass spam being sent to mail servers. This protocol used a small "computational overhead" to send and email which implied an extra computational cost. This helped to create Proof of Work (PoW) protocol. In 1998, Wei Dai created B-Money, a system of value exchange and contract enforcement between anonymous participants bto provide non-traceable services through decentralized transactions and protect the privacy of each participant in a network. This helped to create Proof of Stake (PoS) protocol later. In 2004, Hal Finney published his review of Adam Back's HashCash, Reusable Proof of Work (RPoW), which focused on the creation of unique but reusable cryptographic tokens as a process of proofing and issuing digital currencies. However, the validation and protection against the double spend issue was still logged on a trusted central server. In 2005, Nick Zsabo proposed Bit Gold, a project he had been working on since 1998. Zsabo pioneered "smart contracts" and focused on designing e-commerce protocols between anonymous participants in a network. The project was based on privacy, a decentralized system, and PoW features. However, the project was never carried out due to certain gaps that had not yet been resolved, such as the double spending issue and an efficient mechanism for Bit Gold unit capping. In 2008, a mysterious character appears under the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto, announcing the creation of an electronic currency which he called "Bitcoin". He corresponds with Adam Back, Wei Dai, and Hal Finney, sending the latter a copy of the source code for testing purposes. Satoshi Nakamoto message In 2009, the first transaction of the first Bitcoin is launched, in which Nakamoto sends it to Finney, making him the first "bitcoiner". The test has been a success and one year later the capitalization of Bitcoin acquires a value that exceeds a million dollars in the market. Not Real Satoshi Nakamoto TLDR; Crypto is the next financial era. If you have reached this point. You are a hero. Thank you very much for reading this post again. It took me a long afternoon to learn all of this to put it later in a post. Thanks again! Source: Mainly https://www.wikipedia.org/ |
2023.03.21 14:02 DenCooper89 What are most popular cryptocurrency around the world?
There are thousands of cryptocurrencies in existence, but some of the most popular ones around the world are:
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- Bitcoin (BTC): Bitcoin is the first and most well-known cryptocurrency, and it is often seen as the gold standard of the crypto market.
- Ethereum (ETH): Ethereum is the second-largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization, and it is known for its smart contract functionality, which allows developers to build decentralized applications on top of the Ethereum blockchain.
- Binance Coin (BNB): Binance Coin is the native cryptocurrency of the Binance exchange, and it is used to pay for trading fees, transaction fees, and other services on the platform.
- Dogecoin (DOGE): Dogecoin is a meme-inspired cryptocurrency that has gained popularity in recent years, particularly among retail investors.
- Cardano (ADA): Cardano is a third-generation blockchain platform that aims to provide a more secure and sustainable infrastructure for decentralized applications.
- Tether (USDT): Tether is a stablecoin that is pegged to the value of the US dollar, making it a popular choice for traders who want to move funds quickly between different exchanges without exposing themselves to market volatility.
- Ripple (XRP): Ripple is a blockchain platform that focuses on facilitating fast and secure cross-border payments.
2023.03.21 14:00 upbstock Prepper
Officials at the U.S. Treasury Department are reportedly studying ways to guarantee all bank deposits if tremors in the banking system spiral into a full-blown financial crisis. Authorities don't yet see full FDIC coverage as necessary, but they are exploring a legal framework using emergency powers that wouldn't require passage through a deeply divided Congress. The fear is that if another regional lender fails, there will be a run on deposits at smaller banks, knocking the industry over and sending billions of dollars to their bigger competitors. Here are the top 10 financial stocks, according to SA’s Quant Ratings
Backdrop: The FDIC has already backstopped the uninsured client deposits of Silicon Valley Bank (SIVB) and Signature Bank (SBNY), while crypto-focused Silvergate (SI) was left to liquidate and Credit Suisse (CS) was rescued by Swiss authorities and UBS (UBS). Some support is building for a motion to guarantee all bank deposits, as a fifth bank - First Republic (FRC) - teeters on the brink of insolvency. Shares of the lender tumbled 47% on Monday after a series of downgrades by S&P, but recovered as much as 21% in premarket trading as investors swallow an aid proposal led by JPMorgan (JPM) CEO Jamie Dimon (prior reports also suggested it was exploring a sale).
Where things stand? Some Republican lawmakers, like Rep. Patrick McHenry (R-NC), chairman of the House Financial Services Committee, are weighing changes to the current $250,000 FDIC insurance cap, as well as Democratic ranking member Maxine Waters (D-CA). Others are more against a universal guarantee on all bank deposits, like the conservative House Freedom Caucus, which feels that the "dangerous precedent that simply encourages future irresponsible behavior [would] be paid for by those not involved who followed the rules." It comes after the Mid-Size Bank Coalition of America penned a letter to U.S. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen to extend FDIC insurance on all deposits to "restore confidence among depositors before another bank falls."
SA commentary: "Everywhere you look, the government is handing out money to the banks," writes contributor Mark Grant. "In fact, U.S. banks have borrowed a combined $164.8 billion from the two backstop facilities provided by the Fed, eclipsing the money that was borrowed during the 2008/2009 financial crisis. The effects of this will be wide-ranging, including real estate loans, corporate loans, personal loans, mortgages, credit card interest rates, the U.S. Prime Rate, and every other type of lending that you can consider." Check out the full article, The Banking System - The Heat Is On. (20 comments)
Robotaxi expansion
General Motors' (NYSE:GM) Cruise is making headway in the self-driving race after applying for permission to test its autonomous vehicles across all of California (see the fine print here). It was only a year ago that Cruise launched the first commercial, driverless ride-hail service in a major U.S. city after inking the appropriate permits in San Francisco. To date, Cruise has logged more than 1M driverless miles, 833K trips across the Golden Gate Bridge, and 994 road trips in other testing areas like Phoenix and Austin. In terms of its fleet, Cruise currently has 300 self-driving vehicles in service, with GM shelling out around $2B a year to grow its autonomous subsidiary as part of CEO Mary Barra's plan to double the automaker’s revenue by 2030. (2 comments)
Fresh supply
Russia has surpassed Saudi Arabia to become China's top oil supplier, according to government customs data, with imports rising 23.8% to 1.94M barrels per day in the first two months of 2023. That may help shed some light on Xi Jinping's visit to Moscow this week, though it also reflects the economics of cheaper Russian crude, with Western sanctions leading to steep discounts on Urals grade cargoes. General Chinese-Russian trade has also soared since the invasion of Ukraine as the two countries build on a "no-limits" partnership proclaimed at the 2022 Beijing Olympics. Ahead of Xi's visit, Vladimir Putin expressed a willingness to discuss China's peace plan for ending the war in Ukraine, though U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken said that the "world should not be fooled" by the blueprint, which would "freeze" in place territory seized by Russian forces. (14 comments)
More to come?
Amazon (NASDAQ:AMZN) is eliminating another 9,000 positions in coming weeks, marking the latest round of job cuts that adds to the 18,000 layoffs announced in January. The new cuts are mainly focused in AWS, advertising, Twitch, and People Experience and Technology Solutions divisions. "Given the uncertain economy in which we reside, and the uncertainty that exists in the near future, we have chosen to be more streamlined in our costs and head count,” CEO Andy Jassy declared, explaining why he didn't announce both batches of layoffs at the same time. Amazon's total headcount more than doubled from 2019 to 2021, peaking at over 1.6M. As of the close of 2022, total headcount had dipped to about 1.54M. (81 comments)
Today's Markets
In Asia, Japan closed. Hong Kong +1.4%. China +0.6%. India +0.8%. In Europe, at midday, London +1.4%. Paris +1.7%. Frankfurt +1.6%. Futures at 6:30, Dow +0.6%. S&P +0.5%. Nasdaq +0.2%. Crude +1.1% to $68.56. Gold -0.5% to $1972.20. Bitcoin -0.9% to $28,038. Ten-year Treasury Yield +6 bps to 3.54%
Today's Economic Calendar
FOMC meeting begins 10:00 Existing Home Sales 1:00 PM Results of $12B, 20-Year Bond Auction
Companies reporting earnings today »
What else is happening...
Survey results: 70% of WSB subscribers see 25 bps rate hike tomorrow.
Narasimhan takes over as CEO of Starbucks (SBUX) ahead of schedule.
Virgin Orbit (VORB) reportedly drawing up plans in case of insolvency.
Wrong size? Analysts pan Foot Locker's (FL) aggressive earnings guidance.
Moderna (MRNA) eyes ~$130 price tag for COVID vaccine in the U.S.
Canadian cannabis players like Aurora (ACB) hit 52-week lows.
Florida Governor Ron DeSantis calls for ban on CBDCs.
Iron ore plunges on China warning, Tangshan production controls.
Warner Bros. (WBD) 'Shazam' sequel disappoints with $30.5M opening.
Intel (INTC), AMD (AMD) stand out as chip expectations remain mild.
Ally Financial (ALLY) gains amid vague Buffett takeover speculation.
submitted by upbstock to Optionmillionaires [link] [comments]
Backdrop: The FDIC has already backstopped the uninsured client deposits of Silicon Valley Bank (SIVB) and Signature Bank (SBNY), while crypto-focused Silvergate (SI) was left to liquidate and Credit Suisse (CS) was rescued by Swiss authorities and UBS (UBS). Some support is building for a motion to guarantee all bank deposits, as a fifth bank - First Republic (FRC) - teeters on the brink of insolvency. Shares of the lender tumbled 47% on Monday after a series of downgrades by S&P, but recovered as much as 21% in premarket trading as investors swallow an aid proposal led by JPMorgan (JPM) CEO Jamie Dimon (prior reports also suggested it was exploring a sale).
Where things stand? Some Republican lawmakers, like Rep. Patrick McHenry (R-NC), chairman of the House Financial Services Committee, are weighing changes to the current $250,000 FDIC insurance cap, as well as Democratic ranking member Maxine Waters (D-CA). Others are more against a universal guarantee on all bank deposits, like the conservative House Freedom Caucus, which feels that the "dangerous precedent that simply encourages future irresponsible behavior [would] be paid for by those not involved who followed the rules." It comes after the Mid-Size Bank Coalition of America penned a letter to U.S. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen to extend FDIC insurance on all deposits to "restore confidence among depositors before another bank falls."
SA commentary: "Everywhere you look, the government is handing out money to the banks," writes contributor Mark Grant. "In fact, U.S. banks have borrowed a combined $164.8 billion from the two backstop facilities provided by the Fed, eclipsing the money that was borrowed during the 2008/2009 financial crisis. The effects of this will be wide-ranging, including real estate loans, corporate loans, personal loans, mortgages, credit card interest rates, the U.S. Prime Rate, and every other type of lending that you can consider." Check out the full article, The Banking System - The Heat Is On. (20 comments)
Robotaxi expansion
General Motors' (NYSE:GM) Cruise is making headway in the self-driving race after applying for permission to test its autonomous vehicles across all of California (see the fine print here). It was only a year ago that Cruise launched the first commercial, driverless ride-hail service in a major U.S. city after inking the appropriate permits in San Francisco. To date, Cruise has logged more than 1M driverless miles, 833K trips across the Golden Gate Bridge, and 994 road trips in other testing areas like Phoenix and Austin. In terms of its fleet, Cruise currently has 300 self-driving vehicles in service, with GM shelling out around $2B a year to grow its autonomous subsidiary as part of CEO Mary Barra's plan to double the automaker’s revenue by 2030. (2 comments)
Fresh supply
Russia has surpassed Saudi Arabia to become China's top oil supplier, according to government customs data, with imports rising 23.8% to 1.94M barrels per day in the first two months of 2023. That may help shed some light on Xi Jinping's visit to Moscow this week, though it also reflects the economics of cheaper Russian crude, with Western sanctions leading to steep discounts on Urals grade cargoes. General Chinese-Russian trade has also soared since the invasion of Ukraine as the two countries build on a "no-limits" partnership proclaimed at the 2022 Beijing Olympics. Ahead of Xi's visit, Vladimir Putin expressed a willingness to discuss China's peace plan for ending the war in Ukraine, though U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken said that the "world should not be fooled" by the blueprint, which would "freeze" in place territory seized by Russian forces. (14 comments)
More to come?
Amazon (NASDAQ:AMZN) is eliminating another 9,000 positions in coming weeks, marking the latest round of job cuts that adds to the 18,000 layoffs announced in January. The new cuts are mainly focused in AWS, advertising, Twitch, and People Experience and Technology Solutions divisions. "Given the uncertain economy in which we reside, and the uncertainty that exists in the near future, we have chosen to be more streamlined in our costs and head count,” CEO Andy Jassy declared, explaining why he didn't announce both batches of layoffs at the same time. Amazon's total headcount more than doubled from 2019 to 2021, peaking at over 1.6M. As of the close of 2022, total headcount had dipped to about 1.54M. (81 comments)
Today's Markets
In Asia, Japan closed. Hong Kong +1.4%. China +0.6%. India +0.8%. In Europe, at midday, London +1.4%. Paris +1.7%. Frankfurt +1.6%. Futures at 6:30, Dow +0.6%. S&P +0.5%. Nasdaq +0.2%. Crude +1.1% to $68.56. Gold -0.5% to $1972.20. Bitcoin -0.9% to $28,038. Ten-year Treasury Yield +6 bps to 3.54%
Today's Economic Calendar
FOMC meeting begins 10:00 Existing Home Sales 1:00 PM Results of $12B, 20-Year Bond Auction
Companies reporting earnings today »
What else is happening...
Survey results: 70% of WSB subscribers see 25 bps rate hike tomorrow.
Narasimhan takes over as CEO of Starbucks (SBUX) ahead of schedule.
Virgin Orbit (VORB) reportedly drawing up plans in case of insolvency.
Wrong size? Analysts pan Foot Locker's (FL) aggressive earnings guidance.
Moderna (MRNA) eyes ~$130 price tag for COVID vaccine in the U.S.
Canadian cannabis players like Aurora (ACB) hit 52-week lows.
Florida Governor Ron DeSantis calls for ban on CBDCs.
Iron ore plunges on China warning, Tangshan production controls.
Warner Bros. (WBD) 'Shazam' sequel disappoints with $30.5M opening.
Intel (INTC), AMD (AMD) stand out as chip expectations remain mild.
Ally Financial (ALLY) gains amid vague Buffett takeover speculation.
2023.03.21 13:44 senecadocet1123 888 Holdings debacle
888 Holdings (888.L on LSE) is now a £264m company. Just in September 2021 it was a £2.2b company and one of the biggest gambling companies in the Uk. 87% down from ath.
To finance this massive operation, 888 took a lot of debt. Quoting from the agreement, the Acquisition has an enterprise value of £2.2b, which includes WH debt. In order to fund the Acquisition, 888 has obtained fully committed debt financing of approximately £2.1 billion, which includes approximately £1.6 billion (equivalent) of term loans and approximately £500m (equivalent) of bridge loans/senior secured notes. 888 has also obtained a fully committed revolving credit facility of £150m. They also raised £500 by issuing shares (which destroyed their EPS in 2022). They bought WH at 7.5x normalised EBITDA.
The plan was to get double digit growth from this acquisition, and stay at around 3x net debt / EBITDA. Oh boy, were they wrong.
Costs were currently expected to be approximately £65 million in H2 2022, and £130-140 million in the full year 2023. Surprisingly, in January they managed to renegotiate some debt and hedging arrangements: "The Group ended the year with £1.8 billion equivalent debt, with 43% of effective debt in Sterling, 49% in Euros and 8% in USD, with approximately 70% of interest costs fixed for at least three years. As at 31 December 2022, cash (net of customer balances) was £170 million, with undrawn committed facilities of £150 million, giving total liquidity of £320 million". The company is now at around 6x net debt / EBITDA. Ouch.
The company expects to announce £305-315 FY22 Adjusted EBITDA. Earnings are expected at the end of this month. Their plan is to reduce next debt / EBITDA to 3.5 by 2025. By 2025 they expect revenue of above £2 billion and north of 23% EBITDA margins, with EPS north of 35p.
Now, here is how I am playing this.
Looking forward to hearing your thoughts!
submitted by senecadocet1123 to ValueInvesting [link] [comments]
The background
In April 2021 Caesar bought the betting giant William Hill for 4.03 billion dollars. Caesar was not interested in the non-US assets of WH, so they sold it to 888 in September. To be clear, this is massive: WH here in Europe is a giant, especially in the Uk where it is one of the leading bookmaker (over 1400 retail betting shops across the UK and around 2 million active UK customers online).To finance this massive operation, 888 took a lot of debt. Quoting from the agreement, the Acquisition has an enterprise value of £2.2b, which includes WH debt. In order to fund the Acquisition, 888 has obtained fully committed debt financing of approximately £2.1 billion, which includes approximately £1.6 billion (equivalent) of term loans and approximately £500m (equivalent) of bridge loans/senior secured notes. 888 has also obtained a fully committed revolving credit facility of £150m. They also raised £500 by issuing shares (which destroyed their EPS in 2022). They bought WH at 7.5x normalised EBITDA.
The plan was to get double digit growth from this acquisition, and stay at around 3x net debt / EBITDA. Oh boy, were they wrong.
Things get nasty
Now, this is where things start to get very very nasty. First, the Uk tightened regulations for gambling, greatly impacting 888's Uk revenue (-25% from 2021 to 2022) and fining them £9.4m for failing to protect vulnerable players. They also had to temporarily shut down their operations in the Neatherlands (6% of revenue). This is not the worst, though: interest rates start hiking aggressively. These geniouses as 888 thought it was a good idea to have 64% of debt on a floating rate. While the company was shrinking revenue and margins and with a lot of debt on its shoulders, in January a number of the Gibraltar-based gambling operator’s VIP accounts in the Middle East were suspended because the group did not comply with KYC (Know Your Client) and AML (Anti-Money Laundering) processes. This is not serious, it happens often, and it affects only £50m of revenue. Yet, this was probably the straw, because the CEO Itai Pazner was fired. Also, the CFO Yariv Dafna first said it would leave (now it looks like it will stay at least until the end of the year).What now?
In August 2022, the company had £1.8 billion in gross debt, with maturities ranging from 5-6 years. Cash interestCosts were currently expected to be approximately £65 million in H2 2022, and £130-140 million in the full year 2023. Surprisingly, in January they managed to renegotiate some debt and hedging arrangements: "The Group ended the year with £1.8 billion equivalent debt, with 43% of effective debt in Sterling, 49% in Euros and 8% in USD, with approximately 70% of interest costs fixed for at least three years. As at 31 December 2022, cash (net of customer balances) was £170 million, with undrawn committed facilities of £150 million, giving total liquidity of £320 million". The company is now at around 6x net debt / EBITDA. Ouch.
The company expects to announce £305-315 FY22 Adjusted EBITDA. Earnings are expected at the end of this month. Their plan is to reduce next debt / EBITDA to 3.5 by 2025. By 2025 they expect revenue of above £2 billion and north of 23% EBITDA margins, with EPS north of 35p.
Now, here is how I am playing this.
- Situation 1: interest rates keep hiking, we experience a substantial recession. Interests for 2023/4 go from 150m to north of 230m. 888 probably goes out of business by 2025. Probability 20%. Share price: 0 or similar.
- Situation 2: Interest rates stay as they are. 888 pays around 150m in interest in 2023 and aggressively works on deleverage. They do not meet expectations. Margins are compressed due to competition and lack of capital expenditure to grow the business. Revenue is flat at 1.8b and margins compress to 15%. Ebidta is 270. Eps probably around 18p. Probability 40%.
- Situation 3: Interest rates go lower or stay as they are. 888 delivers what it says: north of 2b in revenue and margins at 23%. Ebidta of at least 460m. At least 35p EPS. Probability 40%.
Looking forward to hearing your thoughts!
2023.03.21 13:39 Joe-M-4 $1k into the Top 10 Cryptos on January 1st, 2019 (FEB Update/Month 50) +204%
 | https://preview.redd.it/xhsso84q63pa1.png?width=666&format=png&auto=webp&s=3f8bfa7da45c841d56c5608e286fdd2b9408d656 submitted by Joe-M-4 to CryptoCurrency [link] [comments] The full blog post with all the tables is here. Welcome! This is the latest report for my homemade 2019 Top Ten Crypto Index Fund. This group contains BTC, XRP, ETH, BCH, EOS, XLM, USDT, LTC, BSV, and Tron. tl;dr:
Month Fifty – UP 204%https://preview.redd.it/ctu7isms63pa1.png?width=1087&format=png&auto=webp&s=490e253c9ae69cb2ea6ea3c56e33e24601066e2cThe 2019 Top Ten Crypto Index Fund consists of: BTC, XRP, ETH, BCH, EOS, Stellar, USDT, Litecoin, BSV, and Tron. February highlights for the 2019 Top Ten Crypto Portfolio:
February Ranking and Dropout Reporthttps://preview.redd.it/25pxlymw63pa1.png?width=405&format=png&auto=webp&s=952156d5fb53e43e8dd2d1402ff3efce549d89d2Top Ten dropouts since January 2019: After fifty months, 60% of the cryptos that started in the Top Ten in January 2019 have been knocked out. EOS, Litecoin, BSV, Stellar, Bitcoin Cash, and Tron are out of the Top Ten replaced by BNB, BUSD, DOGE, ADA, MATIC, and USDC BSV has fallen the furthest in rank so far (#68). February Winners and LosersFebruary Winners – EOS (+16%) followed by Tron (+12%).February Losers – XRP fell -5% in February, making it the worst performer of the month. Overall Update: ETH far ahead of the pack, 60% of cryptos in positive territory, BSV at the bottomETH (+1,110% since Jan. 2029) continues to be the best performer of this group, by far. In distant second place is BTC (+529%) followed by third place Tron (+258%).The $100 investment into first place ETH on January 1st, 2019 is currently worth $1,242. After fifty months, 60% of the cryptos in the 2019 Top Ten Portfolio are in positive territory. The worst performer is BSV (-56%). Total Market Cap for the Entire Cryptocurrency Sector:https://preview.redd.it/rnk0uckm73pa1.png?width=582&format=png&auto=webp&s=73c4ad100f0569ec6b889730b6e0877765bd4456There was no easy way to do so at the time, but if you were able to capture the entire cryptocurrency market since January 2019, you would be up +743% This is still behind first place ETH (+1,040%) but much better than the rest of the Top Ten cryptos, including second place Bitcoin (+529%). The total market is performing much better than the Top Ten approach (+204%) as well. Crypto Market Cap Low Point in the 2019 Top Ten Crypto Index Experiment: $114B in January 2019. Crypto Market Cap High Point in the 2019 Top Ten Crypto Index Experiment: $2.65T in October 2021. Bitcoin Dominance:https://preview.redd.it/lh785sho73pa1.png?width=1150&format=png&auto=webp&s=e52c54963018478963f1f2e997abce9a8fd11076BitDom ended the month at 42.3%. As you can see on the chart above, it has remained fairly steady for nearly two years. For context, here are the high and low points of BTC domination over the life of the 2019 Experiment: Low Point in the 2019 Top Ten Crypto Index Experiment: 38.1% in November 2022. High Point in the 2019 Top Ten Crypto Index Experiment: 70.5% in August 2019. Overall return on $1,000 investment since January 1st, 2019:https://preview.redd.it/83ch9myp73pa1.png?width=336&format=png&auto=webp&s=1bde4b13aca31a3b6b3def033afc4f82ee429d90After fifty months, the value of the initial $1000 investment is $3,036, up +204%. This is down from November 2021’s all time high of +665% for the 2019 Portfolio. Below is a table summarizing the monthly ROI over the life of the 2019 Top Ten Index Fund experiments, providing a pretty good sense of the journey up to this point: https://preview.redd.it/tndmyxdr73pa1.png?width=901&format=png&auto=webp&s=e94b740260b92eb6fd4e89c0fdb619330ecfa70f Fairly steady upward movements punctuated by massive dips. During the Zombie Apocalypse in March 2020, for example, the 2019 Top Ten Portfolio was returning only +6%. Although the 2019 Top Ten Portfolio is up +204%, it is still a distant second place behind the 2020 Top Ten Portfolio which is up +358%. Combining the 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023 Top Ten Crypto PortfoliosSpeaking of other Top Ten Portfolios, let’s put them all together now:
After a $6,000 total investment in the 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023 Top Ten Cryptocurrencies, the combined portfolios are worth $11,627. That’s up +94% on the combined portfolios. The peak for the combined Top Ten Index Fund Experiment Portfolios was November 2021’s all time high of +533%. Here’s the combined monthly ROI since I started tracking the metric in January 2020: https://preview.redd.it/5033mf8t73pa1.png?width=1198&format=png&auto=webp&s=b972e608052e070fe3988fa93f7c453c65aa85bb In summary: That’s a +94% gain by investing $1k on whichever cryptos happened to be in the Top Ten on January 1st (including stablecoins) for six straight years. Comparison to S&P 500:I’m also tracking the S&P 500 as part of the experiments to have a comparison point with traditional markets.https://preview.redd.it/uvzp01eu73pa1.png?width=1092&format=png&auto=webp&s=c1d99e95f86dab4c3e4818dbeba22b8a75fba4cf Because the S&P 500 Index is up 58% since January 2019, the initial $1k investment I put into crypto fifty months ago would be worth $1,580 had it been redirected to the S&P 500 in January 2019. But what if I took the same world’s-slowest-dollar-cost-averaging $1,000-per-year-on-January-1st-Crypto-Index-Fund-Experiment approach with the S&P 500? It would yield the following:
After six $1,000 investments into an S&P 500 index fund in January 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023 my portfolio would be worth $7,190. That is up +20% since January 2018 compared to a +94% gain of the combined Top Ten Crypto Experiment Portfolios. Here’s a table providing an overview of the six year ROI comparison between a Top Ten Crypto approach and the S&P: https://preview.redd.it/5lsmwxpv73pa1.png?width=1150&format=png&auto=webp&s=d55b033da16856bd8a841f9bfb550e719d8729bb Conclusion:To both old-timers and newcomers: thanks so much for taking the time to read and for supporting the Top Ten Crypto Index Fund Experiments. I hope you find the updates helpful in terms of perspective as you navigate the crypto landscape. Be careful out there and don’t put your mental, physical, or financial health at risk chasing gainz. If crypto is causing you to lose sleep at night, chances are you have too much in crypto: try to think long term and don’t invest what you truly can’t afford to lose.Feel free to reach out with any questions and stay tuned for the latest progress reports. A reporting note: I’ll focus on 2023 Top Ten Portfolio reports + one other portfolio on a rotating basis this year, so expect two reports per month. February’s extended report is the 2019 Top Ten Portfolio (the one you’re reading now). You can check out the latest 2018 Top Ten, 2020 Top Ten, 2021 Top Ten, and 2022 Top Ten reports as well. |
2023.03.21 13:25 BruntsLeftFoot [WTS] 100oz JM, 10oz RCM, Morgan/Peace lots, Junk lot, US lot at melt, Foreign silver lots near melt, 1/10oz Au & 1oz Ag privy sets, LMU Francs & Crowns!
Good morning! Open to trades; especially for ancients or large size US currency. I have tons of ancients for sale; feel free to ask! Spot used is $22.50(Ag) & $1975(Au).
Proof: https://imgur.com/a/KjaGukg
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100 oz Johnson Matthey silver bar - $2500
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(2x) 10 oz RCM silver bar - $280 each
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https://imgur.com/a/S7tjOxP
$165 FV mixed lot @ 20x - $3300
War Nickel + 40% Kennedy lot @ MELT - $61 SOLD
(55x) Pre-21 Morgan + (4x) Peace dollar lot @ 28x - $1652 SOLD
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Mexican silver mixed lot @ MELT+10% - $1027 SOLD
Canada silver mixed lot @ MELT+10% - $693
Panama silver mixed lot @ MELT+15% - $346
US-occupied Philippines silver mixed lot @ MELT+20% - $348
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(6x) 2019 1/10oz w/ US proof (includes box and CoA; no Krug) @ MELT+12% - $1327
(11x) 2018 1oz w/Fabulous 15 Privy (includes box and CoA) - $580
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LMU 5 Francs & Crowns (30 different coins; 13 unique varieties) - prices in imgur link
New: Buy them all for10% 20% off!
---------------------------------------------------------------
Shipping: $5 First Class or $9 Priority. Insurance available upon request.
Venmo, PayPal FF, Google Pay, or BTC/ETH/USDC (+5%) are preferred.
Thanks for looking!
submitted by BruntsLeftFoot to Pmsforsale [link] [comments]
Proof: https://imgur.com/a/KjaGukg
---------------------------------------------------------------
100 oz Johnson Matthey silver bar - $2500
---------------------------------------------------------------
(2x) 10 oz RCM silver bar - $280 each
---------------------------------------------------------------
https://imgur.com/a/S7tjOxP
$165 FV mixed lot @ 20x - $3300
War Nickel + 40% Kennedy lot @ MELT - $61 SOLD
(55x) Pre-21 Morgan + (4x) Peace dollar lot @ 28x - $1652 SOLD
---------------------------------------------------------------
Mexican silver mixed lot @ MELT+10% - $1027 SOLD
Canada silver mixed lot @ MELT+10% - $693
Panama silver mixed lot @ MELT+15% - $346
US-occupied Philippines silver mixed lot @ MELT+20% - $348
---------------------------------------------------------------
(6x) 2019 1/10oz w/ US proof (includes box and CoA; no Krug) @ MELT+12% - $1327
(11x) 2018 1oz w/Fabulous 15 Privy (includes box and CoA) - $580
---------------------------------------------------------------
LMU 5 Francs & Crowns (30 different coins; 13 unique varieties) - prices in imgur link
New: Buy them all for
---------------------------------------------------------------
Shipping: $5 First Class or $9 Priority. Insurance available upon request.
Venmo, PayPal FF, Google Pay, or BTC/ETH/USDC (+5%) are preferred.
Thanks for looking!
2023.03.21 13:23 plainenglish2 “Mr. Queen” (historical and cultural backgrounders for international viewers, with references to other K-dramas)
 | https://preview.redd.it/c457fbhcu2pa1.jpg?width=450&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=6a0dca102a3c06acfe92c85fac05b2feb05f86cd submitted by plainenglish2 to KDRAMA [link] [comments] Index: Introduction; K-dramas are meant first (or primarily) for Korean viewers and only second for international viewers; A. The historical figures who were fictionalized in this drama; the rivalry between the Andong Kim and Poonyang Jo clans and “sedo politics” (royal in-law politics); lawsuit filed by descendants of a historical figure against “The Princess’s Man”; connections of “Mr. Queen” to “Moonlight Drawn By Clouds” aka “Love in the Moonlight” and to “Kingdom” Season 2, Ep. 4; B. Eps. 8 and 10: Persecution of Catholics during the Joseon Dynasty; the only K-drama I’ve seen that depicted the Catholic persecution in Joseon Korea is “Yi San, Wind in the Palace” (2007); C. Ep. 8: Korean seesaw (“neolttwigi”); D. Ep. 12: Surit-nal (Dano Festival); ceremonial robes and head gear of Joseon kings; E. Ep. 14: Ice as a valuable commodity during the Joseon Dynasty; F. Ep. 14: Donghak (religion, movement, peasant revolution); G. Ep. 16: Difference between “Jo” and “Jong” in the posthumous (temple) names of the Joseon kings; the Joseon kings’ royal portraits and dramas such as “Painter of the Wind” and “Saimdang”; H. Ep. 16: Secret Royal Investigators during the Joseon Dynasty; secret royal inpectors as depicted in “100 Days My Prince” and “Under The Queen's Umbrella”; I. Miscellaneous notes: Ep. 11: the fight with fans as weapons; “jangot” or head covering for noblewomen during the Joseon Dynasty ; the beautiful bridge across the pond in Ep. 1 and other episodes Introduction K-dramas are meant first (or primarily) for Korean viewers and only second for international viewers. Just like in other dramas, the historical, cultural, and political references in “Mr. Queen” are well known to the Korean viewers. On the other hand, we, the international viewers, must dig deep into Wikipedia and other sources (or post questions in forums like this) so that we can understand what’s going on. For example, some people who have seen “Mr. Queen” said that they couldn’t stand the court politics or the infighting between the different factions because the drama didn’t provide any context. Well, the court politics and the infighting between the different factions happened between the Andong Kim and Poonyang Jo clans, which are well known to Korean viewers and thus, no context was necessary. When “Saimdang” was first broadcast in 2017, I joined the on-air discussions of the drama in the Soompi Forums. In that forum, whenever I had questions about the drama, I had two go-to persons: for questions about Korean language, culture, and history, I asked “gerrytan8063”; whenever I had questions about Chinese characters used in the drama, I asked “liddi.” I haven’t joined the Soompi discussions after I found reddit, and so I don’t know if “gerrytan8063” and “liddi” are still active there. Where can we turn to when we, as international viewers, have questions about Korean language, culture, and history as they relate to K-dramas? There’s Quora, of course; “bodashiri” in Tumblr has a form in his website where he/she says, “Ask me anything.” Also, since 2012, the “Annals of the Joseon Dynasty” is being translated in English, with the project supposed to be finished in 2034. Certain portions of the English translation are available online, as you can read in “Globalization of Korean history” from the official Korean government history website. Oh, maybe we can also use ChatGPT in learning about the historical, cultural, and language issues that we come across in K-dramas. The very first K-drama that I watched in full was the 2014 blockbuster “My Love From The Star” starring Jun Ji-hyun and Kim Soo-hyun. In this drama, I first heard the term “Joseon Dynasty” and learned how the dynasty heavily influenced what Korea is today. Before “My Love From The Star” however, I had seen one or two brief scenes from the 2003 blockbuster drama “A Jewel in the Palace” (aka “Dae Jang Geum”) starring Lee Young-ae. Sometime in 2005 or 2006, “A Jewel in the Palace” began sweeping the Philippines. Every night at around 6 o’clock, the streets would become empty, with people shouting to each other as they rush to their homes, “Jang Geum na!” (in English, “It’s Jang Geum time!”). Since that time, “A Jewel in the Palace” has been broadcast in the Philippines five times; that’s how popular it is among Filipinos. I watched “A Jewel in the Palace” in its entirety only in 2015. Since then, I’ve seen each episode around four or five times already; whenever I feel depressed, I rewatch Ep. 6 where Jang Geum was exiled to the herb garden outside the palace. Needless to say, Lee Young-ae is the love of my life. Next to Lee Young-ae, I love Han Hyo-joo (“Dong Yi”), Han Hye-jin (“Jumong”), Han Ga-in (“The Moon That Embraces The Sun”), Moon Chae-won (“The Princess’s Man”), Park Shin Hye (“The Royal Tailor”), Shin Se-kyung (“Six Flying Dragons”), Park Ha-sun (Queen In-hyun in “Dong Yi”), Nana (“Into The Ring”), and Go Ara (“The Joseon Magician”), in that order. A. The historical figures who were fictionalized in this drama; lawsuit filed by descendants of a historical figure against “The Princess’s Man” (Soompi); the rivalry between the Andong Kim and Poonyang Jo clans and “sedo politics” (royal in-law politics) The main characters in “Mr. Queen” are So-yong (Queen Cheorin), played by Shin Hye-sun, and King Cheoljong, played by Kim Jung-hyun. Some of the secondary characters are Queen Sunwon (Grand Queen Dowager) of the Andong Kim clan and Queen Shinjeong (Queen Dowager) of the Poongyang Jo clan. “Mr. Queen” is fictional, with the following genres: historical, comedy, time travel, and body swap. But its characters and background events are inspired by historical figures and events. For example, the lead character (King Cheoljong) and his background facts — growing up destitute on Ganghwa Island, puppet of the Andong Kim clan, relatives persecuted as Catholics, etc. — are all based on history. Also, the conflict between the Andong Kim clan and Poonyang Jo clan is historical. King Cheoljong in “Mr. Queen” is a highly fictionalized character that’s different from the historical King Cheoljong. The drama portrays him to be secretly plotting to establish himself as a strong ruler against two warring political factions — the Andong Kim clan (led by Grand Dowager Queen Sunwon) and the Pungyang Jo clan (led by Dowager Queen Sinjeong). A-1. Historical figures who were fictionalized in “Mr. Queen”: (1) King Cheoljong The 25th king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea (25 July 1831 – 16 January 1864), he was a second cousin to the heirless Heonjong of Joseon, as well as a great-great grandson of Yeongjo of Joseon. He was chosen to become King by Senior Dowager Queen Sunwon (King Sunjo’s widow) and the powerful Andong Kim clan because he was illiterate and thus easy to manipulate. The only surviving [cropped] image of King Cheoljong (2) Queen Cheorin: wife of King Cheoljong, also known as Queen Dowager Myeongsun (27 April 1837 – 12 June 1878). Queen Cheorin belonged to the Andong Kim clan. (3) Grand Dowager Queen: Queen Sunwon (8 June 1789 – 21 September 1857), also known as Queen Dowager Myeonggyeong, was the spouse of Sunjo of Joseon. She served as regent of Korea from 1834–1841 and from 1849–1852. (4) Queen Dowager: Queen Shinjeong, also known as Queen Dowager Hyoyu, (21 January 1809 - 4 June 1890) was the only wife of Crown Prince Hyomyeong of Joseon and mother of King Heonjong of Joseon. Queen Shinjeong belonged to the Poonyang Jo clan. A-2. “Mr. Queen” was criticized for distorting history. Among the things that was criticized is the drama’s portrayal of the Queen Dowager (Queen Shinjeong in history) as being heavily involved in shamanism. From “Descendants of Sin Sook-joo sue The Princess’ Man” (Soompi): “According to the Seoul District Court, 108 descendants of old Sin claimed a damage suit of KRW 3 billion [2.2 million US dollars] against the broadcasting company and the writer for negatively distorting the image of their ancestor Sin Sook-joo from the Chosun era.” This lawsuit was filed in 2011; I couldn’t find any information about what happened to this lawsuit. A-3: Andong Kim clan, Poongyang Jo clan, and “sedo politics” (royal in-law politics) From New World Encyclopedia: At the beginning of the 19th century, the Andong Kim clan, who had provided the Joseon state with several queens, had seized power almost everywhere in Korea. The social stagnation that resulted was a breeding ground for unrest. Corruption and embezzlement from the treasury and its inevitable exploitation were taken to extreme levels, and reached staggering proportions. One rebellion after another was accompanied by natural disasters. From “Exactly how much power did the Andong Kim Clan have in the Joseon court? How did they attain such power?” (Quora, by Michael L. Best) : “How did the Andong Kim clan attain power? By intermarrying with the royal family, enthroning young and easy to control men as king, purging political rivals, and, very likely, killing off any king when they begin to threaten their power.” The term “sedo politics” (royal in-law politics) describes the period 1800 to 1863 when national politics in Joseon was exclusively led by a few powerful royal in-law families, most notably the Andong Kim and Poongyang Jo clans. From“Collusive Oligopolistic Politics: Sedo and the Political Structure of Early-Nineteenth-Century Choson Korea” by Tae Yeon Eom (2012 thesis, University of British Columbia): In contemporary Korean historiography, the reign periods of King Sunjo (r. 1800-1834), King Hŏnjong (r.1834-1849), and King Ch’ŏlchong (r. 1849-1863) are generally called “The Era of Sedo Politics” in Chosŏn Korea (1392-1910). In contemporary Korean historiography, the political theme of sedo predominated after the death of King Chŏngjo (r. 1776-1800), when national politics was exclusively led by a few powerful royal in-law families, most notably the Andong Kim and P’ungyang Cho clans, for sixty-three years. Obviously, those two major clans enjoyed extensive political authority and high social status in the nineteenth century. Notes: (1) Queen Shinjeong was portrayed by Chae Soo-bin in the 2016 hit “Moonlight Drawn By Clouds” aka “Love in The Moonlight." Queen Shinjeong’s husband Crown Prince Hyomyeong (King Munjo) was portrayed by Park Bo-gum. (2) In Season 2 , Ep. 4 of “Kingdom,” Crown Prince Lee Chang visited in Ganghwa Island his distant relative Prince Noseong, an impoverished member of the royal family. The drama portrays Prince Noseong as a lowly fisherman but who’s a well-read man. This character was probably based on King Cheoljong (1831-1864), the last puppet king of the Andong Kim clan. Unlike the drama, however, in history, King Cheoljong was illiterate, which made it easy for him to be controlled by the Andong Kim clan. “Kingdom” Season 2, Ep. 4 B. Eps. 8 and 10: References to the persecution of Catholics during the Joseon Dynasty B-1. In Ep. 8, at around the 43:00 mark, Bong-hwan (Queen Cheorin) remembers what he learned in history classes about King Cheoljeong; among other things, he remembers that King Cheoljong’s “grandmother and aunt got killed by getting baptized.” In Ep. 10, at around the 46:57 mark, the Royal Chef tells Queen Cheorin (Bong-hwan) that he lives alone because all of his family were killed in 1839. Queen Cheorin (Bong-hwan) then recalls that he was referring to the “Gihae Persecution.” B-2. Some of the well-known persecution of Catholics during the Joseon Dynasty were the Sinyu Persecution of 1801, the Gihae Persecution of 1839, the Byeongo Persecution of 1846, and the Byeongin Persecution of 1866. Relevant discussions: From “A Brief History of the Catholic Church in Korea” (WSJ) : “The Sinyu Persecution - In 1801, more than 300 people were killed as the ruling Joseon Dynasty, under newly ascended King Sunjo, staged a clampdown on the Catholic Church in Korea, ostensibly because the religion clashed with ideals of Neo-Confucianism and threatened the social hierarchical system. Yi Seung-hun was among those executed.” From “Korean Catholicism marked by volatile history“ (Korean JoongAng Daily) : “Catholic believers suffered numerous rounds of persecution - the Sinhae Persecution (1791), the Sinyu Persecution (1801) and the Byeongin Persecution (1866) to name just a few - with about 10,000 missionaries and believers killed over a century.” B-3. The only K-drama I’ve watched that depicted the persecution of Catholics during the Joseon Dynasty is “Yi San, A Wind in the Palace.” In Eps. 60-61, the brother of FL Sung Song-yeon and his fellow Catholics were blamed and arrested for an assassination attempt against King Jeongjo. C. Ep. 8: Korean seesaw (“neolttwigi”) In the early part of Ep. 8, Queen Cheorin and her attendant play on a “neolttwigi” (Korean seesaw). 2nd photo from National Geographic by W. Robert Moore, circa 1931 From Folkency: “Neolttwigi (lit. jumping on a board) refers to seesawing, a traditional entertainment practiced mainly by women during the Lunar New Year season. A large rectangular board is supported in its middle by a round hay bundle and two players take turns pushing hard on their end of the board with their feet in order to make the other end spring up.” It is thought that Yangban women developed “neolttwigi” to see over the walls that surrounded their homes, as women in traditional Korea were rarely allowed out of their living compounds, except at night. (Wikipedia, citing Rodney P. Carlisle, Encyclopedia of Play in Today’s Society, Volume 1) D. Ep. 12: Surit-nal (Dano Festival); ceremonial robes and head gear of Joseon kings In Ep. 12, King Cheoljong presides over the Royal Banquet during the celebration of the Surit-nal (Dano Festival). His ceremonial robe is called “gujangbok,” while the head gear is called “myeonryugwan” (The Talking Cupboard) . https://preview.redd.it/kpaoer4z13pa1.jpg?width=450&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=b9a1e536f919350963e9de1ecd4fbf2ba20d6cfa The robe and head gear were worn by the King and the Crown Prince during special events; with the head gear, the more the number of strings, the higher the rank. The jade object that he’s holding is called the “hol” (or “okgyu” depending on the type of jade used to make it. E. Ep. 14: Ice was a valuable commodity during the Joseon Dynasty. In Ep. 14, the Grand Queen Dowager tells Queen Cheorin (Bong-hwan) that ice is a valuable commodity in Joseon. From “Summer on ice: How ice became an essential part of summer life in Korea” (Korea Herald): During the Joseon era (1392-1910), ice was a national asset under the control of the king, and accordingly, a luxury for noblemen. From “Keeping food cool, the ancient way” (Korea JoongAng Daily) : “Since the year 505, or the 6th year of King Jijung’s reign, until the arrival of freon and electricity centuries later, Koreans used stone bunkers to store blocks of ice throughout the year. These seokbinggo, literally “stone ice storage,” were located around the country. Local governments sometimes delivered ice to palaces, but mostly used ice as a means to prevent special local products from spoiling on the way to a palace.” From “Feeling the heat: The luxury of ice” in Joseon (Korea Times) by Robert Neff: The Korean government maintained two large ice storage facilities at Seobinggo and Dongbingo, where huge slabs of river ice (nearly two meters long and about 12.5 centimeters thick) were covered with straw and preserved throughout the year. Court officials and others who possessed “bingpae” ― an ice ration card ― were regularly able to obtain a certain amount of this valuable commodity (based on their rank) for their own use. Notes: (1) “The Grand Heist” is a 2012 South Korean historical comedy film about a gang of 11 thieves who try to steal ice blocks from the royal storage, Seobingo, during the last years of the Joseon era. (2) In Ep. 9 of “A Jewel in the Palace,” crisis hits as Lady Han falls sick and Jang Geum, with Keum Young, is left to prepare the food for the king and his entourage in the royal hunt. When the Head Eunuch tells Jang Geum and Keum Young that the king wants cold noodles, he asks them if they brought ice with them. (When I first saw this scene back in 2015, I thought, “What’s the big deal with ice?”) (3) In Ep. 2 of “The Tale of Nokdu,” Yul Mu prepares for Dong Joo a dessert for breakfast. The gisaengs around him become awestruck after the package that his bodyguard brought turns out to be a small block of ice. What Yul Mu prepared for Dong Joo is similar to “patbingsu” (“bingsu).” Bingsu was introduced to Korea during the Japanese colonial period, but according to “Snowy delights and variations on bingsu” (Korea Herald) , shaved ice treats existed even during the Joseon Dynasty. https://i.redd.it/n78c477zy2pa1.gif This is a bit off-topic, but notice two things after Yul Mu’s bodyguard finishes chopping the ice into smaller pieces: (a) Before sheathing his sword into the scabbard, the bodyguard makes a downward slash with his sword and with a quick wrist flick; he did this to get rid of the water that may create rust in his sword. A swordsman also does this after slashing an enemy; blood may also cause the sword to become rusty. (4) In Ep. 7 of Mr. Sunshine, Ae-shin and her servant Haman enjoy “patbingsu” (“bingsu”) in the French bakery. F. Ep. 14: Donghak (religion, movement, peasant revolution) In Ep. 14, the ministers threaten King Cheoljeong that if he does not order the execution of Dam Hyang (the little girl who saved Queen Cheorin from being poisoned), they will consider him as a supporter of the “Donghak” religion and its followers. From Wikipedia: Donghak (lit. “Eastern Learning”) was an academic movement in Korean Neo-Confucianism founded in 1860 by Choe Je-u. The Donghak movement arose as a reaction to seohak (“Western learning”), and called for a return to the “Way of Heaven.” While Donghak originated as a reform movement and revival of Confucian teachings, it gradually evolved into a religion known today as “Cheondoism” in Korea under the third patriarch. Related resources: “Gov’t to commemorate Donghak Peasant Revolution for 1st time” ; “Korea celebrates 125th anniversary of Donghak Peasant Revolution in 1894 (2020)” G. Ep. 16: Difference between “Jo” and “Jong” in the posthumous (temple) names of the Joseon kings; the Joseon kings’ royal portraits and dramas such as “Painter of the Wind” and “Saimdang” G-1. In Ep. 16, during the Royal Portrait painting session, Queen Cheorin wonders about the difference between between “Jo” and “Jong” in the posthumous (temple) names of the Joseon kings. The subtitles say that “jo” is added to the name of a king who’s honored for doing something great; on the other hand, “jong” is added to the name of a king who’s honored for his virtue. Well, this is just one of two reasons for the difference. The website “dramasROK” in its in-depth article cites Korean historian Sul Min Suk who gives two reasons for the difference: (1) Relationship of the king to his predecessor: “If the successor was the king’s son – or next in line to the throne – then that king was given a posthumous title ending in JONG. (2) “The ending JO was given to the founder of the dynasty – Taejo – for great achievements establishing a new dynasty. And then his descendants were supposed to be named JONG. So in a way, the title JO could be considered superior to JONG. And from now on this was the case. JO was seen as a more elite title to JONG. It started with King Seonjo…” Relevant discussions: Why was King Sejong named "Sejong" instead of "Sejo"? and “Rulers of the Joseon Dynasty and KDrama Interpretations” G-2. The Joseon kings’ royal portraits and dramas such as “Painter of the Wind” and “Saimdang” Only seven portraits of five Joseon kings remain today as the others were destroyed during the Korean War (1950-1953). These surviving portraits are those of King Sejong, King Yeongjo, King Jeongjo, King Cheoljong, King Gojong, and King Sunjong. You can view these portraits at the Royal Portrait Museum in Jeonju, Korea. https://preview.redd.it/0nxhjw1ez2pa1.jpg?width=450&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=51dd5a7e7da44d8ca156664e85c355c1b13dbc6c For a more detailed depiction of how the Joseon kings’ royal portraits were drawn according to strict standards, you can watch “Painter of the Wind” (2008; Eps. 10-11) and “Saimdang” (2017; Ep. 22). H. Ep. 16: Secret Royal Investigators during the Joseon Dynasty; secret royal investigators as depicted in “100 Days My Prince” and “Under The Queen's Umbrella” H-1. In Ep. 16, King Cheoljong sends his trusted man Hong as a secret royal investigator to the most corrupt place in south Joseon. In his confrontation with a nobleman in a gisaeng house, Hong displays his “mapae.” From “Amhaeng-eosa - secret royal inspector in Joseon Kingdom”: “They were undercover officials directly appointed by the king and were sent to local provinces to punish corrupt officials and comfort the sufferings of people while traveling incognito. The amhaeng-eosa system was one of the most excellent inspection systems in the world, the likes of which is very unique and hard to find in other countries.” The book “Corea, The Hermit Kingdom” (1888) by William Elliott Griffis states several interesting things about the secret royal inspectors. They were called “The Messengers on the Dark Path,” and to prevent them from abusing their powers, they were secretly monitored by a “yashi” or “Night Messenger.” Griffis states: “An E-sa, or commissioner, who is to be sent to a distant province to ascertain the popular feeling, or to report the conduct of certain officers, is also called ‘The Messenger on the Dark Path.’ He receives sealed orders from the king, which he must not open till beyond the city walls. Then, without even going to his own house, he must set out for his destination, the government providing his expenses. He bears the seal of his commission, a silver plate having the figure of a horse engraved on it. In some cases he has the power of life and death in his hands. H-2. Secret royal inspectors as depicted in "100 Days My Prince" and "Under the Queen’s Umbrella": In Ep. 7 of “100 Days My Prince,” a royal secret inspector (“Amhaengeosa”) saves Yul and Hong-shim from the corrupt magistrate and Master Park. Hong-shim previously recognized that the man sleeping in her father’s room was a royal secret inspector because he was holding a “yuchuk” (a brazen ruler that inspectors used for several purposes, including making sure that the measurement system for taxation was correctly followed). https://preview.redd.it/fp2wmm7kz2pa1.jpg?width=450&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=dbb8423675f5ae42963be7a4c1843021afde71bb In Eps. 8-10 of “Under The Queen's Umbrella, as part of the contest, the Grand Princes and the princes disguise themselves as “secret royal inspectors” (“amhaeng-eosa”) in pursuit of the assignments given by King Lee Ho. In some scenes, you can see the inspectors’ seal (badge) and tool: the “mapae” and the “yuchuk.” I. Miscellaneous notes: Ep. 11: the fight with fans as weapons; “jangot” or head covering for noblewomen during the Joseon Dynasty ; the beautiful bridge across the pond in Ep. 1 and other episodes I-1. Ep. 11: During the festival, King Cheoljoeong and Kim Byeong-in fight using fans as requested by the Grand Queen Dowager. While they’re using ordinary fans, there’s actually a martial art system using a fan as a weapon. https://preview.redd.it/xifgh51b23pa1.jpg?width=450&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=58765eca5345effd9c2f3bbc9d82699a523d54f2 From Wikipedia: Tessenjutsu (Japanese; lit. “iron fan technique”) is the martial art of the Japanese war fan (tessen). It is based on the use of the solid iron fan or the folding iron fan, which usually had eight or ten wood or iron ribs. The use of the war fan in combat is mentioned in early Japanese legends. In Ep. 11 of “Saimdang,”Lee Gyeom fights off Min Chi-hyung’s men using his fan. Related resources: War Fan Tessen Techniques and Why Samurai Carried and Fought with Fans Made of Metal I-2. “Jangot” (alternative spelling ”changot”): similar to the outer jacket of a hanbok but with a collar and a ribbon for tying both sides; according to the principles of the Joseon Dynasty’s Confucianism, women were ordered not to show their face to men, so they would cover their faces in many ways while going out. (Wikipedia) https://preview.redd.it/r06c2mioz2pa1.jpg?width=450&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=975e4ba5fdaafc0a05a793fdc61010abc336fdbd From “Veiling of Korean Women: The Neo-Confucian Influence in Comparison to the Veiling of Muslim Women” by Hye Ok Park (Claremont Graduate University, Department of History) : Different types of veils I-3. The beautiful bridge and pond shown below are used as the location for several scenes in “Mr. Queen”, starting with Ep. 1. This bridge is located in the Gungnamji Pond (Historic Site No. 135) in Seodong Park; it is Korea’s first artificial pond and was created by King Mu from the Baekje Dynasty. The bridge and pond have been used in other dramas such as “The Flower in Prison,” “The Joseon Gunman,” and “The Tale of Nokdu.” https://preview.redd.it/mloxzq7tz2pa1.jpg?width=450&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=5e015dccd9623cffb9b1abe21f33158f999ff054 Notes: (1) In digging up the historical and cultural backgrounders of the K-dramas that I watch, I rely on English language resources on the Internet. I don’t speak or read Korean, and so I can’t search through Naver. Those of you who read Korean or are more knowledgeable about Korean culture and history should correct whatever errors or omissions there may be in this discussion. (2) Other discussions that I have posted on the historical and cultural backgrounders of K-historical dramas: “Hotel Del Luna” (some cultural backgrounders for international viewers) (3) This discussion is rather long and may be a bit boring for those of you who don't like history. If you got tired reading this discussion, you can energize yourself by listening to Band-Maid’s performances during their 2022 USA tour. Band-Maid is an all-female Japanese band that mixes genres such as rock (hard, progressive, punk), metal, pop, jazz, and blues. Listen for example to “Freedom" (anthem; watch out for the drum solo); “Daydreaming" (power ballad; watch out for the lead guitar solo); “Wonderland” (rock-jazz-blues). |
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Adam Thomas - Dropshipping Accelerator 2018
Adina Rivers
Adrian Morrison - eCom Success Academy 2018 , eCom Success Academy 2017, EcomSuiteX, Tee Advantage
Aidan Booth - 100k factory
Alex Allman
Alex Becker - H-Com, H-Gram, The black file
Alex Mehr - Alex Engine
Alex Schlinsky - Prospecting On Demand
Alex Vilenchik - Playing with fire
Amiee Ball - Pay To Play
Andre Chaperon - Auto Responder 3.0
Andrew Warner – Bot Academy
Andy Puddicombe - Headspace v2
Anik Signal - Facebook Ads Mastery , Copywriting Academy , FB Ad Academy
Anthony Alfonso - Entrepreneur Affiliates Mastery Course
Anthony Carbone - Wolf millionaire of instagram
Anthony Groeper - The 100k Blueprint , Viral Venum IG Mastery
Anthony Morrison - fan page domination
Anthony Robbins Courses
Anton Kraly - Dropship Lifestyle 6.0
Arash Dibazar - Dark Energy, Seductive Confidence, Solomon's Temple, Supernatural, The Eye of Ra
Arie Scherson - E-Commerce Inner Circle Program
Athlean X
Authority Hacker - Authority site system
BadBoy
Barron Cruz - Beast, Social invincibility
Be Orgasmic
Beau Crabill - Online Retail Mastery (Amazon FBA University)
Ben Adkins - Advertorial Master Class Advanced Platinum, Clients From Video , Closer Cafe , 23:01, Ten Dollar Time Bomb
Ben Malol - eCom Blueprint Bootcamp Program, Social Marketing MasterClass, eCom Blueprint Bootcamp Program
Ben Oberg - Millionaire Mafia Crypto Mastery
Ben Pakulski
Ben Settle - Persuasion Secrets of the World's Most Charismatic & Influential Villains
Billy Gene - Clicks Into Customers 2.0
Billy Willson - 6 Figure Facebook Ads Agency
Bobby Rio
Bostjan Belingar
Brad P.
Braddock - Social Circle Mastery, The Ultimate Guide to Text and Phone Game
Brian Burt & Brian Johnson - Sponsored Products Academy
Brian Dean
Brian Tracy - Think Like a leader
Brice King - Shopify Success 2.0
Bryan Dulaney - Funnel selling business
Caitlin Schlichting - AdWords IQ Academy
Calisthenics Unity
Carlos Xuma
Carter Thomas - Bluecloud app formula
Cat Howell - Facebook Ads That Convert
CBHigh-Profit-Facebook-Group
Chalene Johnson - Marketing Impact Academy
Charlie Houpert - Charisma University
Chris Record - 3 Zero Club & Inner Circle, Dark Post
Christian Hudson
Christian Martin - Funnel Cloning
Christian McQueen
Christie Marie Sheldon
Connor Murphy
Content Promotion Summit 2016
ConversionXL
Copy Hackers
Craig Miller
Crowdfunding Cash System
D-Rion Williams
Daiyaan Caan
Daiyaan Caan - Bizz.co Classes
Dan Dasilva
Dan Dasilva & Justin Cener
Dan Henry
Dan Kennedy
Dan Lok
Daniel Rose
Danny Johnson - Seller Lead Hacks
David DeAngelo
David Snyder
David Tian
David Wygant
Day Game Mastery
DayGame
Deepak Wayne
Depesh Mandalia – 7-Figure Facebook Ads Playbook
Derek Rake
Derek Vitalio
Derrick Struggle - Amazon FBA Heroes
Digital Marketer
DigitalMarketing.com – Email Marketing Mastery Class & Certification - Richard Lindner
Dima Sorokine
Dino Gomez - Funnel Consultant Society
Display Network Bootcamp 2016
DNA Wealth Blueprint 2.0
Don Amante
Donald Miller
Eben Pagan
ECOM Profit Masterclass
Ed O'Keefe
Edward deBono
Efficient Pickup
Effortless GDPR Consulting Profits
Eric Disco
Eric Edgemont
Eric Luevano - ATM Academy
Ethercycle
Evil Stifler
Ezra Firestone
Ezra Firestone & Jason Fladlien
Fibs Don't Lie - Day Trading Course
Flow Genome
Frank Kern
Franklin Hatchett - eCom Elites
Fred Lam
Gabriel Beltran - The Ecom Millionaire
Gabrielle Moore
Gary Halbert
Gary Vaynerchuk
Gerry Cramer, Rob Jones – Profit Engine (updated)
Glen Allsop
Grant Cardone
Greg Frost
Greg Greenway
Gretta Van Riel - Start And Scale
Grow and Convert - Customers From Content
GunWitch
Haim Sabbah - Ecom Dropouts
Harry Coleman - Ecom Beast 2.0
Hayden Bowles - Hacking Shopify Dropshipping
Henry Grayson
High Traffic Academy 2.0
Honest Signalz Academy
Hypnosis For Inner Game
Hypnotica
Igor Ledochowski
Iman Gadzhi
IN10SEC
Investopedia-Academy---Forex-Trading-For-Beginners
Iris Reading
iStack Training - Ecommerce Allstar Training 2018
J. D. Fuentes
Jack Ellis
Jack Johnson
James Beattie
James Clear
James Marshall
Jason Capital
Jason Fladlien, Russel Brunson - Webinar Blueprint
Jason Hornung
Jason Julius
Jason K Williamson - eCommerce Email Marketing Masterclass
Jason Swenk - The Agency Playbook 2017
Jeremy Haynes
Jeremy Miner
Jessica J
JMULV Occam's Razor
Joe Soto - Marketing Agency Academy
John Reese
John Sonmez
John Whiting - Infinite Leads
Jon Benson - VSL Fast Track 2018
Jon Mac - Store Formula 3
Jon Sinn
Jonathan Altfeld
Jonathon Dane
Jordan Belfort
Jordan Platten - How To Get Kick-Ass Results For Clients
Jordan Welch - eCom Accelerators 0-100 Program
Josh Ryan - Instagram Mastery Academy
Joshua Crisp - JP Amazon A-Z
Joshua Earp
Joshua Pellicer
Josue Pena - Instagram Mastery and Monetization
Jumpcut Academy
Jumpcut Academy 2.0 - All Courses
Junior Serrano
Justin Cener
Justin Sardi
Justin Wayne
Justin Woll - BeyondSixFigures E-Commerce Profit University
Ken Wilber
Kenny Stevens & Ricky Mataka - Ads Architect
Kenrick Cleveland
Kevin David
Kevin Fahey
Kinobody
Kinowear
KIZEN
Kyle Cease
Lean Protein for Weight Loss PLR_Final
Learn Close Combat Training
Learn, Plan, Profit - Your A-Z Blueprint To Mastering
Leo Gura
Liam Austin
Liam McRae
Life Loaded
Linked University
Love Systems
Lukas Resheske
Lukas Resheske - Copywriting Mentorship Program
Magic Leone
Main Product & Bonuses
Manish Leone
Marco Rodriguez – eCom PPC Academy
Mark Cunningham
Mark Hyman
Mark Manson
MasterClass
Matt Artisan
Matt Clark, Jason Katzenback – Amazing Selling Machine 9
Matt Evans
Matt Loberstein - Zero To Brand
Maxwell Finn – Facebook Ad IQ Academy (Updated)
Maxwell Maltz
MEGAsync Uploads
Mehow
Mel Robbins
Melanie Evans
Michael Breen
Michael Pilinski
Michael Spencer
Mike Dillard - List Grow 2.0
Mike Haines
Mike Koenigs
Mike Vestil
Mike Wright
Mindvalley
Mitch Miller
Mohammed Khalif – AMZ Pros ~ Learn How To Sell Your own branded products on Amazon
MozCon 2016 Videos
Mr. X
Mystery
Natural Lifestyle
Neil Patel
Neil Strauss
New Alpha Education
Niche Authority Empire
Niche Authority Empire $7500 (Local Profit Breakthrough bonus)
Nick Kenens - Cold Emails for SMMA
Nick Krauser
Odi Productions - Affiliate Marketing CHAMP Video Course
Paul Baron - Amazon Reviews On Autopilot
Paul Janka
Peter Diamandis
Peter Parks
Peter Pru - Six Figure Funnels
Pickup 101
Pips.University
PUA Foruns (2008)
PUA Training
Rachel Rofe
Ramit Sethi
Reboot Blueprint
Relationship God - AdGil
Rob Wiser
Robin Sharma
Roger and Barry
Roger and Barry - Virtual Vegas Front Seat (Platinum)
Roger Langille - Internet Owned
Roger Love
Rollo Tomassi
Roosh V
Ross Jeffries
RSD
Russel Brunson
Ryan Deiss
Ryan Hildreth - Social Media Marketing Mastery
Ryan Magin
Ryan Moran - Profitable Product Launch
Ryan Stewman
Sam Ovens
Sasha Daygame
School of Squirt
Scott H Young
Scott Hilse - Simplified Shopify Dropshipping
Sebastian Ghiorghiu - Shopify Drop Shipping
Sebastian Gomez - Ecom Profits Lab
Seller Tradecraft - Private Label MBA 2018
Shae Matthews
Simple Pickup
Sixty Years of Challenge
Spencer Michaels
SquattinCassanova
Steve Dux - Trading Techniques
Steve G. Jones
Steve Jabba
Steve Tan - Ultimate Ecom System
Steven Peliari
Street Attraction
Subcommunication Mastery
SwinggCat
Sybervision
Tai Lopez
Talmadge Harper
Tanner Fox
Tanner Planes Zero to One Thousand
Taylor Welch - Traffic & Funnels Event Recordings 2018
Teagen Beier - Social Media Marketing Academy
Ted Nicholas
Ted Nicholas - Million Dollar Copywriting Bootcamp
The 4 Week Natural
The 21 Convention (2007-2014 + Bonuses)
The 100k Factory
The Art of Verbal War
The 4 Week Natural
The 21 Convention (2007-2014 + Bonuses)
The 100k Factory
The Art of Verbal War
The Forex Scalper Mentorship Package
The Modern Man
The Psychology Of Performance
The Social Man
The Ultimate Trader Transformation ~ FOREX Mastery course
Tim Grittani - Ticket Trading
Tim Sanders - Private Label Masters
Timothy Marc
Todd Valentine
Tom Glover - The Facebook ROI Master-Class
Tom Torero
Tomas Libas - Speed Reading Secrets Revealed
Tony Ruca
Transmutation Club
Travis Petelle
Trespassing_minds
Tristan Broughton
Udemy
Alain Wolf Coaching
Become A Learning Machine
Become A Speed Demon
Become a SuperHuman - Naturally & Safely Boost Testo…
Become a SuperLearner V2
Become a SuperLearner V2.5
Bitcoin & Blockchain
Female Guide To Attraction, Getting Ex Back And Dating men
Master Persuasion Psychology And Convince People Of anything
Master Your ADHD Brain Tutorial
Master Your Emotions & Revolutionise Your Social Skills
Reveal Your Humor Social Life & Communication Skills
The Ultimate Intermittent Fasting & Fast Weight Loss Course
The Ultimate Morning Routine Guide
Udemy ~ Become the Excel Hero with Advanced Excel Tricks for job by sebastian glockner
Ultimate Facebook Ads Course - Build A Viral Facebook page 2016
Valentino Kohen
Vanessa Van Edwards
Vick Strizheus
Vin DiCarlo
Vincent Dignan
Wendi Friesen
William Cane
Xtreme Mind
Zack Browman
Copy Hackers
David Tian
Frank Kern
Grant Cardone - 2
Jason Capital - 2
Neil Patel
Ryan Deiss
Tai Lopez - 2
submitted by Huge-Classroom5123 to u/Huge-Classroom5123 [link] [comments]
Adam Ackerman, John Galley - Crowdfunding Cash System
Adam Thomas - Dropshipping Accelerator 2018
Adrian Morrison – eCom Success Academy 2017
Adrian Morrison eCom Success Academy 2018
Alex Becker - H-Com 2020 (Updated)
Alex Fedotoff - 7 Figure Ecommerce Blueprint
Alex Schlinsky - Prospecting On Demand
Amiee Ball - Pay To Play
Andre Chaperon - Auto Responder 3.0
Anik Signal Facebook Ads Mastery
Anik Singal - Copywriting Academy
Anik Singal - FB Ad Academy
Anik Singal – Copywriting Academy
Anthony Groeper - The 100k Blueprint
Anthony Groeper – Viral Venum IG Mastery
Anton Kraly - Dropship Lifestyle 6.0
Arie Scherson - E-Commerce Inner Circle Program
Beau Crabill - Online Retail Mastery (Amazon FBA University)
Billy Gene - Clicks Into Customers 2.0
Billy Willson - 6 Figure Facebook Ads Agency
Bradley Riley - Social Media Marketing Academy
Chalene Johnson - Marketing Impact Academy
Chris Record - Dark Post
Dan Dasilva - 7 Figure Academy
Dan Dasilva - Dropship Academy (Updated)
Dan Henry - 30 Day Agency
Dan Henry - Facebook Ads for Entrepreneurs
Dan Lok - 6 Steps To 6 Figures Formula
Dan Lok - High Ticket Closer Certification 2018
Depesh Mandalia – 7-Figure Facebook Ads Playbook
Donald Miller - The StoryBrand Marketing RoadMap
Donald Miller - The StoryBrand Online Marketing Workshop
Effortless GDPR Consulting Profits
Eric Luevano - ATM Academy
Ezra Firestone - Smart Google Traffic
Fibs Don't Lie - Day Trading Course 2018
Complete forex day trader
Frank Kern - Client Acquisition System
Frank Kern - Legacy Collection
Frank Kern Courses
Franklin Hatchett - eCom Elites
Fred Lam - FB Leads Academy
Fred Lam - Zero Up1
Gerry Cramer, Rob Jones – Profit Engine (updated)
Grant Cardone - Cardone University 2016
Gretta Van Riel - Start And Scale
Haim Sabbah - Ecom Dropouts
Harry Coleman - Ecom Beast 2.0
Hayden Bowles - ECom Remastered 2.0
Hayden Bowles - Hacking Shopify Dropshipping
How to Pick The Right Penny Stocks To Invest In June 2018
Iman Gadzhi - Influencer Ignited
Iman Gadzhi - Kaizen Cure
Iman Gadzhi - Six Figure SMMA
Investopedia-Academy---Forex-Trading-For-Beginners
iStack Training - Ecommerce Allstar Training 2018
James Beattie - All in one Shopify Ecom Domination
Jason Capital - Email Income Experts
Jason K Williamson - eCommerce Email Marketing Masterclass
Jason Swenk - The Agency Playbook 2017
Jeremy Haynes – Digital Marketing Manuscript
Joe Soto - Marketing Agency Academy
Jon Mac - Store Formula 3
Jonathan Dane - Google AdWords Mastery
Jordan Belfort - Straight Line Persuasion
Jordan Belfort - Straight Line Sales Psychology
Jordan Platten - How To Get Kick-Ass Results For Clients
Josh Ryan - Instagram Mastery Academy
Joshua Earp - SEO Mastery Course
Josue Pena - Instagram Mastery and Monetization
Jumpcut Academy 2.0 - All Courses
Justin Cener - Dropship Bootcamp
Justin Cener - Shopify Live Success Training
Justin Cener - T-Shirt Bootcamp 3.0
Justin Sardi - Video Ads Crash Course 3.0
Justin Woll - BeyondSixFigures E-Commerce Profit University
Kevin David - Amazon FBA Ninja
Kevin David - Facebook Masterclass 2018
Kevin David - Shopify Dropshipping Ninja Masterclass
Kevin David - Zon Ninja Masterclass 2019
Learn, Plan, Profit - Your A-Z Blueprint To Mastering
Marco Rodriguez - eCom PPC Academy
Matt Clark, Jason Katzenback – Amazing Selling Machine 9
Maxwell Finn – Facebook Ad IQ Academy (Updated)
Mike Dillard - List Grow 2.0
Mike Vestil - Internet Lifestyle Academy
Mike Vestil's - The Accelerator
Nick Kenens - Cold Emails for SMMA
Odi Productions - Affiliate Marketing CHAMP Video Course
Peter Pru - Six Figure Funnels
Pips.University
Relationship God - AdGil
Richard Telfeja - Ecom Profit Masterclass
Russell Brunson - Funnel Builder Secrets
Ryan Hildreth - Social Media Marketing Mastery
Sam Ovens - Consulting Accelerator
Scott Hilse - Simplified Shopify Dropshipping
Sebastian Ghiorghiu - EcomAlphas
Sebastian Ghiorghiu - Shopify Drop Shipping
Sebastian Gomez - Ecom Profits Lab
Shopify Themes
Steve Dux - Trading Techniques
Steve Tan - Ultimate Ecom System
Tai Lopez - Bitcoin Crypto Academy (Updated)
Tai Lopez - Credit Mentor
Tai Lopez - How to Invest Your Money
Tai Lopez - Real Estate Program
Tai Lopez - Social Media Marketing Agency
Tanner Fox - Affiliate Marketing Masters
Tanner Fox - Amazon Seller Mastery
Tanner Planes Zero to One Thousand
The Forex Scalper Mentorship Package
Tim Grittani - Ticket Trading
Tim Sanders - Private Label Masters
Tom Glover - The Facebook ROI Master-Class
Tomas Libas - Speed Reading Secrets Revealed
Tristan Broughton - Product Winning Blueprint
Tristan Broughton - Product Winning Blueprint
Tristan Broughton – Google Ads eCom Academy
Udemy ~ Become the Excel Hero with Advanced Excel Tricks for job by Sebastian Glockner
Amazing Selling Machine 9 - Matt Clark, Jason Katzenback
2018 Client Getting Bot Blueprint
A. Thomas Perhacs
Aaron Fletcher - The Fletcher Method
Abdullah Osama - 9 Figure Ecom 3 Day Shopify Online workshop
Adam Ackerman, John Galley - Crowdfunding Cash System
Adam Armstrong Deluxe bundle (5 Secret Techniques Every Woman Wants In Bed, 37 Secrets About Women And Sex, Bedroom Boss, Better In Bed, Dirty Talk Phrases, How To Last Longer In Bed, How To Make Your Woman Do Anything In Bed, The Huge Load Formula, Ultimate Orgasm Techniques, Unleash Her Bad Girl And Get Her To Do Anything You)
Adam Gilad Relationship God
Adam Lyons Hot girl in 7 days
Adam Thomas - Dropshipping Accelerator 2018
Adina Rivers
Adrian Morrison - eCom Success Academy 2018 , eCom Success Academy 2017, EcomSuiteX, Tee Advantage
Aidan Booth - 100k factory
Alex Allman
Alex Becker - H-Com, H-Gram, The black file
Alex Mehr - Alex Engine
Alex Schlinsky - Prospecting On Demand
Alex Vilenchik - Playing with fire
Amiee Ball - Pay To Play
Andre Chaperon - Auto Responder 3.0
Andrew Warner – Bot Academy
Andy Puddicombe - Headspace v2
Anik Signal - Facebook Ads Mastery , Copywriting Academy , FB Ad Academy
Anthony Alfonso - Entrepreneur Affiliates Mastery Course
Anthony Carbone - Wolf millionaire of instagram
Anthony Groeper - The 100k Blueprint , Viral Venum IG Mastery
Anthony Morrison - fan page domination
Anthony Robbins Courses
Anton Kraly - Dropship Lifestyle 6.0
Arash Dibazar - Dark Energy, Seductive Confidence, Solomon's Temple, Supernatural, The Eye of Ra
Arie Scherson - E-Commerce Inner Circle Program
Athlean X
Authority Hacker - Authority site system
BadBoy
Barron Cruz - Beast, Social invincibility
Be Orgasmic
Beau Crabill - Online Retail Mastery (Amazon FBA University)
Ben Adkins - Advertorial Master Class Advanced Platinum, Clients From Video , Closer Cafe , 23:01, Ten Dollar Time Bomb
Ben Malol - eCom Blueprint Bootcamp Program, Social Marketing MasterClass, eCom Blueprint Bootcamp Program
Ben Oberg - Millionaire Mafia Crypto Mastery
Ben Pakulski
Ben Settle - Persuasion Secrets of the World's Most Charismatic & Influential Villains
Billy Gene - Clicks Into Customers 2.0
Billy Willson - 6 Figure Facebook Ads Agency
Bobby Rio
Bostjan Belingar
Brad P.
Braddock - Social Circle Mastery, The Ultimate Guide to Text and Phone Game
Brian Burt & Brian Johnson - Sponsored Products Academy
Brian Dean
Brian Tracy - Think Like a leader
Brice King - Shopify Success 2.0
Bryan Dulaney - Funnel selling business
Caitlin Schlichting - AdWords IQ Academy
Calisthenics Unity
Carlos Xuma
Carter Thomas - Bluecloud app formula
Cat Howell - Facebook Ads That Convert
CBHigh-Profit-Facebook-Group
Chalene Johnson - Marketing Impact Academy
Charlie Houpert - Charisma University
Chris Record - 3 Zero Club & Inner Circle, Dark Post
Christian Hudson
Christian Martin - Funnel Cloning
Christian McQueen
Christie Marie Sheldon
Connor Murphy
Content Promotion Summit 2016
ConversionXL
Copy Hackers
Craig Miller
Crowdfunding Cash System
D-Rion Williams
Daiyaan Caan
Daiyaan Caan - Bizz.co Classes
Dan Dasilva
Dan Dasilva & Justin Cener
Dan Henry
Dan Kennedy
Dan Lok
Daniel Rose
Danny Johnson - Seller Lead Hacks
David DeAngelo
David Snyder
David Tian
David Wygant
Day Game Mastery
DayGame
Deepak Wayne
Depesh Mandalia – 7-Figure Facebook Ads Playbook
Derek Rake
Derek Vitalio
Derrick Struggle - Amazon FBA Heroes
Digital Marketer
DigitalMarketing.com – Email Marketing Mastery Class & Certification - Richard Lindner
Dima Sorokine
Dino Gomez - Funnel Consultant Society
Display Network Bootcamp 2016
DNA Wealth Blueprint 2.0
Don Amante
Donald Miller
Eben Pagan
ECOM Profit Masterclass
Ed O'Keefe
Edward deBono
Efficient Pickup
Effortless GDPR Consulting Profits
Eric Disco
Eric Edgemont
Eric Luevano - ATM Academy
Ethercycle
Evil Stifler
Ezra Firestone
Ezra Firestone & Jason Fladlien
Fibs Don't Lie - Day Trading Course
Flow Genome
Frank Kern
Franklin Hatchett - eCom Elites
Fred Lam
Gabriel Beltran - The Ecom Millionaire
Gabrielle Moore
Gary Halbert
Gary Vaynerchuk
Gerry Cramer, Rob Jones – Profit Engine (updated)
Glen Allsop
Grant Cardone
Greg Frost
Greg Greenway
Gretta Van Riel - Start And Scale
Grow and Convert - Customers From Content
GunWitch
Haim Sabbah - Ecom Dropouts
Harry Coleman - Ecom Beast 2.0
Hayden Bowles - Hacking Shopify Dropshipping
Henry Grayson
High Traffic Academy 2.0
Honest Signalz Academy
Hypnosis For Inner Game
Hypnotica
Igor Ledochowski
Iman Gadzhi
IN10SEC
Investopedia-Academy---Forex-Trading-For-Beginners
Iris Reading
iStack Training - Ecommerce Allstar Training 2018
J. D. Fuentes
Jack Ellis
Jack Johnson
James Beattie
James Clear
James Marshall
Jason Capital
Jason Fladlien, Russel Brunson - Webinar Blueprint
Jason Hornung
Jason Julius
Jason K Williamson - eCommerce Email Marketing Masterclass
Jason Swenk - The Agency Playbook 2017
Jeremy Haynes
Jeremy Miner
Jessica J
JMULV Occam's Razor
Joe Soto - Marketing Agency Academy
John Reese
John Sonmez
John Whiting - Infinite Leads
Jon Benson - VSL Fast Track 2018
Jon Mac - Store Formula 3
Jon Sinn
Jonathan Altfeld
Jonathon Dane
Jordan Belfort
Jordan Platten - How To Get Kick-Ass Results For Clients
Jordan Welch - eCom Accelerators 0-100 Program
Josh Ryan - Instagram Mastery Academy
Joshua Crisp - JP Amazon A-Z
Joshua Earp
Joshua Pellicer
Josue Pena - Instagram Mastery and Monetization
Jumpcut Academy
Jumpcut Academy 2.0 - All Courses
Junior Serrano
Justin Cener
Justin Sardi
Justin Wayne
Justin Woll - BeyondSixFigures E-Commerce Profit University
Ken Wilber
Kenny Stevens & Ricky Mataka - Ads Architect
Kenrick Cleveland
Kevin David
Kevin Fahey
Kinobody
Kinowear
KIZEN
Kyle Cease
Lean Protein for Weight Loss PLR_Final
Learn Close Combat Training
Learn, Plan, Profit - Your A-Z Blueprint To Mastering
Leo Gura
Liam Austin
Liam McRae
Life Loaded
Linked University
Love Systems
Lukas Resheske
Lukas Resheske - Copywriting Mentorship Program
Magic Leone
Main Product & Bonuses
Manish Leone
Marco Rodriguez – eCom PPC Academy
Mark Cunningham
Mark Hyman
Mark Manson
MasterClass
Matt Artisan
Matt Clark, Jason Katzenback – Amazing Selling Machine 9
Matt Evans
Matt Loberstein - Zero To Brand
Maxwell Finn – Facebook Ad IQ Academy (Updated)
Maxwell Maltz
MEGAsync Uploads
Mehow
Mel Robbins
Melanie Evans
Michael Breen
Michael Pilinski
Michael Spencer
Mike Dillard - List Grow 2.0
Mike Haines
Mike Koenigs
Mike Vestil
Mike Wright
Mindvalley
Mitch Miller
Mohammed Khalif – AMZ Pros ~ Learn How To Sell Your own branded products on Amazon
MozCon 2016 Videos
Mr. X
Mystery
Natural Lifestyle
Neil Patel
Neil Strauss
New Alpha Education
Niche Authority Empire
Niche Authority Empire $7500 (Local Profit Breakthrough bonus)
Nick Kenens - Cold Emails for SMMA
Nick Krauser
Odi Productions - Affiliate Marketing CHAMP Video Course
Paul Baron - Amazon Reviews On Autopilot
Paul Janka
Peter Diamandis
Peter Parks
Peter Pru - Six Figure Funnels
Pickup 101
Pips.University
PUA Foruns (2008)
PUA Training
Rachel Rofe
Ramit Sethi
Reboot Blueprint
Relationship God - AdGil
Rob Wiser
Robin Sharma
Roger and Barry
Roger and Barry - Virtual Vegas Front Seat (Platinum)
Roger Langille - Internet Owned
Roger Love
Rollo Tomassi
Roosh V
Ross Jeffries
RSD
Russel Brunson
Ryan Deiss
Ryan Hildreth - Social Media Marketing Mastery
Ryan Magin
Ryan Moran - Profitable Product Launch
Ryan Stewman
Sam Ovens
Sasha Daygame
School of Squirt
Scott H Young
Scott Hilse - Simplified Shopify Dropshipping
Sebastian Ghiorghiu - Shopify Drop Shipping
Sebastian Gomez - Ecom Profits Lab
Seller Tradecraft - Private Label MBA 2018
Shae Matthews
Simple Pickup
Sixty Years of Challenge
Spencer Michaels
SquattinCassanova
Steve Dux - Trading Techniques
Steve G. Jones
Steve Jabba
Steve Tan - Ultimate Ecom System
Steven Peliari
Street Attraction
Subcommunication Mastery
SwinggCat
Sybervision
Tai Lopez
Talmadge Harper
Tanner Fox
Tanner Planes Zero to One Thousand
Taylor Welch - Traffic & Funnels Event Recordings 2018
Teagen Beier - Social Media Marketing Academy
Ted Nicholas
Ted Nicholas - Million Dollar Copywriting Bootcamp
The 4 Week Natural
The 21 Convention (2007-2014 + Bonuses)
The 100k Factory
The Art of Verbal War
The 4 Week Natural
The 21 Convention (2007-2014 + Bonuses)
The 100k Factory
The Art of Verbal War
The Forex Scalper Mentorship Package
The Modern Man
The Psychology Of Performance
The Social Man
The Ultimate Trader Transformation ~ FOREX Mastery course
Tim Grittani - Ticket Trading
Tim Sanders - Private Label Masters
Timothy Marc
Todd Valentine
Tom Glover - The Facebook ROI Master-Class
Tom Torero
Tomas Libas - Speed Reading Secrets Revealed
Tony Ruca
Transmutation Club
Travis Petelle
Trespassing_minds
Tristan Broughton
Udemy
Alain Wolf Coaching
Become A Learning Machine
Become A Speed Demon
Become a SuperHuman - Naturally & Safely Boost Testo…
Become a SuperLearner V2
Become a SuperLearner V2.5
Bitcoin & Blockchain
Female Guide To Attraction, Getting Ex Back And Dating men
Master Persuasion Psychology And Convince People Of anything
Master Your ADHD Brain Tutorial
Master Your Emotions & Revolutionise Your Social Skills
Reveal Your Humor Social Life & Communication Skills
The Ultimate Intermittent Fasting & Fast Weight Loss Course
The Ultimate Morning Routine Guide
Udemy ~ Become the Excel Hero with Advanced Excel Tricks for job by sebastian glockner
Ultimate Facebook Ads Course - Build A Viral Facebook page 2016
Valentino Kohen
Vanessa Van Edwards
Vick Strizheus
Vin DiCarlo
Vincent Dignan
Wendi Friesen
William Cane
Xtreme Mind
Zack Browman
Copy Hackers
David Tian
Frank Kern
Grant Cardone - 2
Jason Capital - 2
Neil Patel
Ryan Deiss
Tai Lopez - 2
2023.03.21 12:06 old_hickory69 AYYYY niceeee!! Not bad for an European
 | submitted by old_hickory69 to Presidents [link] [comments] |